The O. S. U. Naturalist, Vol. 1, No. 1, November, 1900Ohio State University. Biological Club
History
The O. S. U. Naturalist, Vol. 1, No. 1, November, 1900
Ohio State University. Biological Club
Natural history -- Ohio -- Periodicals; Natural history -- Periodicals; Science -- Periodicals
Of the implements and ornaments made of stone, the flint arrow heads are
very common. These are mostly made from material brought from flint
ridge in Licking County. Grooved axes are also found, the type
prevailing is the one having the groove extend entirely around. The
perforated gorgets of slate are also found, but the most interesting of
the stone implements found in the pits are the perforated discoidals.
These are all small, varying in diameter from two to three inches, and
finely polished.
In the refuse heaps and ash pits were found the bones of the animals
used for food, charred corn, hickory nuts, walnuts, butter nuts, acorns,
hazel nuts, beans, seeds of the papaw, wild plum, etc. About thirty-five
per cent. of the bones taken from these pits were of the Virginia deer.
The bones of the black bear, raccoon, elk, ground-hog, wild-cat,
muskrat, squirrel, beaver, wild turkey, wild duck, wild goose, trumpeter
swan, great horn owl, barred owl, were found in abundance. But perhaps
the most interesting of the animal bones found were those of the Indian
dog. Skulls and parts of skeletons were taken from the pits in great
numbers. Professor F. W. Putnam, of Harvard University, who has been
making a study of the skulls of the dog taken from the mounds and burial
places of Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, Ohio, Kentucky, New York,
and from the great shell heaps in Maine, says that a distinct variety or
species of dog was distributed over North America in pre-Columbian
times, and by comparison he finds that the dog found in America is the
same variety of dog found in the ancient site of the Swiss Lake
dwellers, and also in the ancient tombs of Thebes in Egypt, and claims
that the variety of the pre-Columbian dog is apparently identical with
the pure breed Scotch collie of today, while Mr. F. A. Lucas, of the U.
S. National Museum, describes the dog found in the Baum Village as
resembling very much the bull terrier in size and proportion, and states
that the same species have been found in the village sites in Texas and
the old Puebloes.
A FOLIICOLOUS FORM OF SORGHUM SMUT AND NOTES
ON INFECTION EXPERIMENTS.
W. A. KELLERMAN.
(Plate 2.)
On January 1st, 1900, several pots in the Botanical greenhouse of the
Ohio State University were planted to sorghum, Kaffir corn, maize,
sweet-corn and pop-corn. The seeds were previously moistened and mixed
with a large quantity of head-smut of sorghum taken from smutted sorghum
plants also from maize infected with the same fungus. This species was
named _Ustilago reiliana_ by Kühn in 1868 from specimens collected in
Egypt.
The plants developed rapidly and normally, though the stems were slender
and did not reach the normal height. The panicles appeared early and
only in a comparatively few cases showed infection.
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