The Ocean World: Being a Description of the Sea and Its Living Inhabitants.Figuier, Louis
Science
The Ocean World: Being a Description of the Sea and Its Living Inhabitants.
Figuier, Louis
Marine animals; Ocean
"Not unfrequently, one of these tiny vessels comes so close alongside,
that, by means of the ship's bucket, with the assistance of a smart
fellow who has jumped into the 'chains' with a boat-hook, it is
captured, and brought on deck for examination. A dozen voices are,
however, lifted, warning you by no means to touch it, for well the
experienced sailor knows its terrible powers of defence. It does not now
appear so like a ship as when it was at a distance. It is an oblong
bladder of tough membrane, varying considerably in shape, for no two
agree in this respect; varying also in size, from less than an inch to
the size of a man's hat. Once, on a voyage to Mobile, when rounding the
Florida reef, I was nearly a whole day passing through a fleet of these
little Portuguese men-of-war, which studded the smooth sea as far as the
eye could reach, and must have extended for many miles. They were of all
sizes within the limits I have mentioned."
Generally, there is a conspicuous difference between the two extremities
of the bladder, one end being rounded, the other more pointed, or
terminating in a small knob-like swelling or beak-shaped excrescence,
where there is a minute orifice; sometimes, however, no such excrescence
is visible, and the orifice cannot be detected.
"That wonderful river," continues Mr. Gosse, in his nervous, eloquent
style, "with a well-defined course through the midst of the
Atlantic--that Gulf Stream--brings on its warm waters many of the
denizens of tropical seas, and wafts them to the shores on which its
waves impinge. Hence it is that so many of the proper pelagic creatures
are from time to time observed on the coasts of Cornwall and Devon. The
Portuguese man-of-war is among them, sometimes paying its visit in
fleets, more commonly in single stranded hulks. Scarcely a season passes
without one or more of these lovely strangers occurring in the vicinity
of Torquay. Usually," he adds in a note, "in these stranded examples the
tentacles and suckers are much mutilated by washing on the shore. The
fishermen who pick them up always endeavour to make a harvest of their
capture, not by selling, but by making an exhibition of them."
The Physalia seem to be gregarious in their habits, herding together in
shoals. Floating on the sea between the tropics in both oceans, they may
be seen now carried along by currents, now driven by the trade-winds,
dragging behind them their long tentacular appendages, and conspicuous
by their rich and varied colouring, from pale crimson to ultramarine
blue. "Certainly," says Lesson, "we can readily conceive that a poetical
imagination might well compare the graceful form of the Physalia to the
most elegant of sailing-vessels, even if it careened to the wind under a
sail of satin, and dragged behind it deceitful garlands which struck
with death every creature which suffered itself to be attracted by its
seductive appearance."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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