46. H. dissiliens (Smith) Breb. 47. H. mucosa (Mert.) Ehrb. MOSSES; ILLUSTRATIVE SAMPLES. W. A. KELLERMAN. [This article was prepared as a suggestion for the Ohio Schools, and is issued simultaneously as No. 17 of the UNIVERSITY BULLETIN (Series 5.) A wide distribution is advisable and it seems desirable to issue it here also. Ohio teachers, pupils and amateurs will, it is hoped, become more interested in our bryological flora.] [Illustration: Fig. 1.[2] ] Footnote 2: FIG. 1.—A common Moss (M) bearing fruit (_s_ and _cap._); one capsule is old, one fresh, one immature and covered by the calyptra (_cal._); the teeth (_t_) of the peristome (_p_), and a leaf (_l_) magnified, are also shown. The samples on the accompanying attached sheet are intended to illustrate the kind of material to be collected, and the method of labelling and mounting the specimens, for the Herbarium. It will be noticed that most of the specimens are in “fruit,” which is the popular name for the “capsule” that terminates the “se-ta,” or slender stem. A delicate cap called the “ca-lyp-tra,” may usually be seen, completely or partially covering the capsule before it is fully mature. The terminal portion of the capsule, called lid or “o-per-cu-lum,” often drops off when maturity is reached; in this manner the “spores” or microscopical non-sexual reproductive bodies produced within, are allowed to escape. The mouth or opening of the spore case (capsule) is surrounded by a row of slender teeth, called collectively the “per-i-stome;” this may be clearly seen with the aid of a lens after the ripe operculum is removed. The accompanying diagrammatic figures illustrate the parts just mentioned. The life history, or cycle of development, of our common Mosses may be briefly sketched as follows: When the spores germinate a slender branching tube, or alga-like filament, appears which has been designated the “pro-to-ne-ma.” This contains chlorophyll; it grows in moist protected places, and here and there develops root-like threads, called “rhi-zoids,” which anchor it to the soil. “Gem-mae” or buds also appear on the protonema and these develop into the upright clustered stems that bear the leaf-like structures. At the apex of the “ae-ro-car-pous” mosses, and from the sides in “pleu-ro-car-pous” species, there are formed the organs for sexual reproduction, namely, “an-ther-id-i-a” and “arch-e-go-ni-a;” these are surrounded by a cluster of leaf-like bracts, called the “per-i-che-ti-um” or perichetial scales. This structure, consisting of the delicate reproductive bodies and their conspicuous and surrounding protecting organs, has been called the “flower” of the mosses.