enable young men of energy and ambition, but with small means, to profit by the advantages of a liberal education. The Faculty of Letters gives free scholarships to its most successful students and exempts from the payment of dues all who have obtained a prize in any course of study. [Illustration: DR. MANUEL BARRIOS, DEAN OF THE FACULTY OF MEDICINE, LIMA.] The University of San Marcos is to-day a thoroughly modern institution, representative of the liberal spirit of progress which pervades all classes in Peru,—a country that has passed through greater and more vital changes than fall to the lot of most nations. What transformations have been wrought in education in Peru since the _amauttas_ imparted knowledge to the sons of the Sun, holding its precious truths too sacred to be communicated to any but noble princes! The attitude of the Spanish teachers was less openly restrictive, though, in effect, the system of education was little broader than it had been under the monarchs of Cuzco. The lessons of the temple were replaced by those of the convent, and the benefits of knowledge were still chiefly confined to the nobility. With the evolution of ideas that modern civilization encouraged, conditions gradually improved during nearly three hundred years of Spanish rule, and the eighteenth century witnessed the phenomenon of independent thought, the awakening of the individual in society. With the inauguration of the republic, the progress of Peru entered a new channel, and though, at first, the stream of liberal ideas had to force a narrow passage between walls of tradition, to surmount rocks and boulders of obstructing prejudice, carrying in its flow an accumulated driftwood of sentiment from the ancient groves of worship, yet its course has been always toward the sea of universal good, and its channel, deepened and widened by the growing force of the current, now forms the bed of a mighty tide of worthy endeavor.