The most interesting feature of this elaborately illustrated
title-page is the representation of the "Vegetable Lamb" growing on a
stalk and browsing on the herbage round about it.[90] This records one
of the most curious myths of the Middle Ages. The creature was also
known as the Scythian Lamb and the Borametz or Barometz, a name
derived from a Tartar word signifying "lamb." It was supposed to be at
once a true animal and a living plant, and was said to grow in the
territory of the "Tartars of the East," formerly called Scythia.
According to some writers, the lamb was the fruit of a tree, whose
fruit or seed-pod, when fully ripe, burst open and disclosed a little
lamb perfect in every way. This was the subject of the illustration,
"The Vegetable Lamb plant," in Sir John Mandeville's book. Other
writers described the lamb as being supported above the ground by a
stalk flexible enough to allow the animal to feed on the herbage
growing near. When it had consumed all within its reach the stem
withered and the lamb died. This is the version illustrated on
Parkinson's title-page. It was further reported that the lamb was a
favourite food of wolves, but that no other carnivorous animals would
attack it. This remarkable legend obtained credence for at least 400
years. So far as is known, the first mention of it in an English book
is the account given by Sir John Mandeville, "the Knyght of Ingelond
that was y bore in the toun of Seynt Albans, and travelide aboute in
the worlde in many diverse countries to se mervailes and customes of
countreis and diversiters of folkys and diverse shap of men and of
beistis." It is in the chapter describing the curiosities he met with
in the dominions of the "Cham" of Tartary that the passage about the
vegetable lamb occurs.[91] The origin of this extraordinary myth is
undoubtedly to be found in the ancient descriptions of the cotton
plant by Herodotus, Ctesias, Strabo, Pliny and others.[92] The
following passages in Herodotus and Pliny will suffice to show how
easily the myth may have grown. "Certain trees bear for their fruit
fleeces surpassing those of sheep in beauty and excellence"
(Herodotus). "These trees bear gourds the size of a quince which burst
when ripe and display balls of wool out of which the inhabitants make
cloths like valuable linen" (Pliny).
[Illustration: TITLE-PAGE OF PARKINSON'S "PARADISUS" (1629)]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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