Never mind if they were not very deadly,--they at
least looked formidable. Our artillery companies drew their cannon from
the “gun-house” on the common; contrast this rough shed with the South
Armory of today! After the martial exhibition was concluded, our
forefathers betook themselves to the “Green Dragon,” or the “Bunch of
Grapes,” or the “Exchange Coffee House” where coffee was by no means the
limit, or some other popular tavern, for the military exercises which
constituted the climax of the entire day.
A clear distinction existed between militia and volunteers in the foot
branch of the service, the volunteers being designated fusiliers or
grenadiers or light infantry or rifles or cadets, and the militia being
known as infantry. But the distinction was obscured in the “train of
artillery.” So much of technical qualification was required of the
artilleryman and cavalryman that all companies of such troops had to
meet the higher military standards of volunteers and were so classified.
In such rosters as existed, it was customary to print the names of
company officers of artillery and cavalry, while such lists included
only field officers in foot commands.
First mention of a battalion of artillery appears in the roster of the
1st division for 1790, when the four companies in Boston, Dorchester,
Middlesex and Roxbury are so designated. No field officer had yet been
commissioned. This is the beginning of the Coast Artillery, the
battalion and regimental organization having continued in unbroken
existence from 1789 to the present time. While under every militia law
ever adopted by Congress, not only the 1st Company but also the command
as a larger unit might claim “ancient privileges” on the ground of
continuous organization thruout these decades, it is just and right to
state that the pride of the “Old First” has always been not to claim any
privilege at all, except that of serving wherever and however it could
be of the most use. At this date no battalion organization existed
amongst the volunteer foot companies, each being an “independent”
divisionary corps of infantry.
October, 1789, our companies were again in line, this time to receive
and escort the President of the United States, George Washington. In
October, 1793, a sadder duty summoned them forth. John Hancock, patriot,
signer of the declaration of independence, Governor of Massachusetts,
and President of the Continental Congress, had finished his long and
noble career and gone to his rest. Boston loved and honored its chief
citizen; the funeral parade, in which our companies participated, was an
expression of heart-felt grief. The companies were again called out on
July 4th, 1795, to help lay the corner-stone of the new State-house, the
famous “Bulfinch front.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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