The Old Humanities and the New ScienceOsler, William, Sir
Philosophy
The Old Humanities and the New Science
Osler, William, Sir
Classical education; Science
Paraphrasing Mark Twain's comment upon Christian Science,
the so-called Humanists have not enough Science, and Science sadly lacks
the Humanities. This unhappy divorce, which should never have taken
place, has been officially recognized in the two reports edited by Sir
Frederic Kenyon,[8] which have stirred the pool, and cannot but be
helpful. To have got constructive, anabolic action from representatives
of interests so diverse is most encouraging. While all agree that
neither in the public schools nor in the older universities are the
conditions at present in keeping with the urgent scientific needs of the
nation, the specific is not to be sought in endowments alone, but in the
leaven which may work a much-needed change in both branches of
knowledge.
[8] _Education, Scientific and Humane_ (1917), and _Education,
Secondary and University_ (1919).
III
The School of _Literæ Humaniores_ excites wonder in the extent and
variety of the knowledge demanded, and there is everywhere evidence of
the value placed upon the ancient models; but this wonder pales before
the gasping astonishment at what is not there. Now and again a hint, a
reference, a recognition, but the moving forces which have made the
modern world are simply ignored. Yet they are all Hellenic, all part and
parcel of the Humanities in the true sense, and all of prime importance
in modern education. Twin berries on one stem, grievous damage has been
done to both in regarding the Humanities and Science in any other light
than complemental. Perhaps the anomalous position of science in our
philosophical school is due to the necessary filtration, indeed the
preservation, of our classical knowledge, through ecclesiastical
channels. Of this the persistence of the Augustinian questions until
late in the eighteenth century is an interesting indication. The moulder
of Western Christianity had not much use for science, and the Greek
spirit was stifled in the atmosphere of the Middle Ages. "Content to be
deceived, to live in a twilight of fiction, under clouds of false
witnesses, inventing according to convenience, and glad to welcome the
forger and the cheat"--such, as Lord Acton somewhere says, were the
Middle Ages. Strange, is it not? that one man alone, Roger Bacon,
mastered his environment and had a modern outlook.[9]
[9] How modern Bacon's outlook was may be judged from the
following sentence: "Experimental science has three
great prerogatives over all other sciences--it verifies
conclusions by direct experiment, it discovers truths which
they could never reach, and it investigates the secrets of
nature and opens to us a knowledge of the past and of the
future."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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