The old paths, or the Talmud tested by Scripture: Being a comparison of the principles and doctrines of modern Judaism with the religion of Moses and the prophetsMcCaul, Alexander
Religion
The old paths, or the Talmud tested by Scripture: Being a comparison of the principles and doctrines of modern Judaism with the religion of Moses and the prophets
McCaul, Alexander
Judaism -- Works to 1900
For instance, the rabbies have determined that in one place it is lawful
to move or carry certain things on the Sabbath-day, but in another place
the very some act is unlawful, and calls down extreme punishment. They
distinguish between these places thus—
ארבע רשויות לשבת , רשות היחיד ורשות הרבים כרמלית ומקום פטור , רשות היחיד
הוא המקום המוקף מחיצות גבוהות עשרה ויש בו ארבעה טפחים על ארבעה ואפילו אם
יש בו כמה מילין אם מוקף לדירה ודלתותיו נעולות בלילה הוי רשות היחיד ,
ודיר וסהר וחצר . וכן חריץ עמוק עשרה ורחב ד׳ על ד׳ או יותר וכן תל גבוה י׳
ורחב ארבעה על ארבעה , וכותלים המקיפין רשות היחיד על גביהן וחוריהן רשות
היחיד , ואויר רשות היחיד הוא רשות היחיד עד לרקיע ואפילו כלי אם גבוה י׳
ורחב ד׳ על ד׳ כגון תיבה או כוורת או מגדל הוי רשות היחיד , ורשות היחיד
הוא רחובות ושווקים הרחבים י׳ אמה על י׳ אמה ומפולשים משער לשער וששים רבוא
עוברין בו , וכל דבר שהוא ברשות הרבים ואינו גבוה ג׳ טפחים חשוב כקרקע והוא
רשות הרבים אפילו קוצים או צואה שאין רבים דורסין עליהם , ואם הוא גבוה ג׳
ומג׳ עד ט׳ ולא ט׳ בכלל אם הוא רחב ד׳ על ד׳ הוי כרמלית פחות מכאן הוי מקום
פטור ׃
In reference to the Sabbath, places are distinguished into four sorts of
jurisdiction. 1st, the private jurisdiction; 2d, the public
jurisdiction; 3d, the place called Karmelith; 4th, the place which is
free.
By a _private jurisdiction_ is meant a place surrounded by walls, ten
handbreadths high, and in which there is a space of four handbreadths by
four. But even though it should contain many miles, if it be inclosed
for habitation, and its gates be bolted at night, it is a private
jurisdiction. A lodging-place, an inclosed space, and a court, are
considered as in the same class. And thus, also, a pit which is ten
handbreadths deep, and whose breadth is four by four, or more; and a
raised place which is ten handbreadths high, and whose breadth is four
by four. The top of the walls, also, by which a private jurisdiction is
surrounded, and the openings in them, are considered as private
jurisdiction. The air of a private jurisdiction, up to the firmament, is
also considered; and even a vessel like a chest, if it be ten
handbreadths high, and in breadth four by four. A hollow vessel, or a
tower, is also considered as a private jurisdiction.
The term _public jurisdiction_ includes roads and streets, if their
breadth be sixteen ells by sixteen, and they be open from gate to gate,
and six hundred thousand persons pass thereon. And everything in a
public jurisdiction, which is not three handbreadths high, is reckoned
as the ground, and is public jurisdiction: even thorns and filth upon
which the public does not tread.
But if it be from three to nine handbreadths high, but not nine
entirely, and its breadth be four by four, it is called a _Karmelith_.
“If it be less, it is called a _free place_.” (Orach Chaiim, 344.)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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