The Old Pike: A History of the National Road, with Incidents, Accidents, and Anecdotes ThereonSearight, Thomas B. (Thomas Brownfield)
History
The Old Pike: A History of the National Road, with Incidents, Accidents, and Anecdotes Thereon
Searight, Thomas B. (Thomas Brownfield)
Cumberland Road; Pennsylvania -- Biography
The beer of the present day was unknown, or if known, unused on the
National Road during the era of its prosperity. Ale was used in limited
quantities, but was not a favorite drink. Whisky was the leading
beverage, and it was plentiful and cheap. The price of a drink of whisky
was three cents, except at the stage houses, where by reason of an
assumption of aristocracy the price was five cents. The whisky of that
day is said to have been pure, and many persons of unquestioned
respectability affirm with much earnestness that it never produced
delirium tremens. The current coin of the road was the big copper cent
of United States coinage, the "fippenny bit," Spanish, of the value of
six and one-fourth cents, called for brevity a "fip," the "levy,"
Spanish, of the value of twelve and a half cents, the quarter, the half
dollar, and the dollar. The Mexican and Spanish milled dollar were
oftener seen than the United States dollar. The silver five-cent piece
and the dime of the United States coinage were seen occasionally, but
not so much used as the "fip" and the "levy." In times of stringency,
the stage companies issued scrip in denominations ranging from five
cents to a dollar, which passed readily as money. The scrip was similar
to the postal currency of the war period, lacking only in the artistic
skill displayed in the engraving of the latter. A hungry traveler could
obtain a substantial meal at an old wagon stand tavern for a "levy," and
two drinks of whisky for a "fippenny bit." The morning bill of a wagoner
with a six-horse team did not exceed one dollar and seventy-five cents,
which included grain and hay for the horses, meals for the driver, and
all the drinks he saw proper to take.
The National Road is not in a literal sense a turnpike. A turnpike, in
the original meaning of the word, is a road upon which pikes were placed
to turn travelers thereon through gates, to prevent them from evading
the payment of toll. Pikes were not used, or needed on the National
Road. It was always kept in good condition, and travelers thereon, as a
rule, paid the required toll without complaining. At distances of
fifteen miles, on the average, houses were erected for toll collectors
to dwell in, and strong iron gates, hung to massive iron posts, were
established to enforce the payment of toll in cases of necessity. These
toll houses were of uniform size, angular and round, west of the
mountains constructed of brick, and through the mountains, of stone,
except the one six miles west of Cumberland, which is of brick. They are
all standing on their old sites at this date (1893), except the one that
stood near Mt. Washington, and the one that stood near the eastern base
of Big Savage Mountain. At the last mentioned point, the old iron gate
posts are still standing, firmly rooted in their original foundations,
and plastered all over with advertisements of Frostburg's business
houses, but the old house and the old gates have gone out of sight
forever.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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