Helmholtz,] this is most thorough, and is manifest in the very limitations set to its defects.... A man of any sense would not chop firewood with a razor, and we may assume that any elaboration of the optical structure of the eye would have rendered it more liable to injury and slower in its development." Helmholtz therefore concludes that the eye is a product which "the wisest Wisdom may have pre-designed." It thus comes very much to Pope's solution: Why has not man a microscopic eye? For this plain reason: man is not a fly,-- and in view of his subsequent admissions, Helmholtz's flourish about returning the eye to its maker looks very like theatrical clap-trap, unworthy of such a man. [131] _Life of C. Darwin_, ii. 234. Erasmus Darwin to C. Darwin, November 23, 1859. [132] _Animal Locomotion_ (International Scientific Series), p. 180. [133] _Origin of Laws of Nature_, p. 69. [134] _Lectures on Evolution_ (Cheap Edition), p. 37. [135] _Philosophical Basis of Evolution_, passim. [136] By a _Final Cause_ is meant the predetermined result or end, towards which a work of intelligence is directed, the end being the ultimate cause of the whole act. Thus the obtaining a light is the _Final Cause_ of striking a match: while the striking of the match is the _Efficient Cause_ producing the light. [137] _Grammar of Assent_, p. 69. [138] _Familiar Lectures_, p. 458. [139] "On the Reception of the 'Origin of Species,':" _Life of C. Darwin_, ii. p. 187. [140] _Nineteenth Century_, No. 2. Reprinted in _Lectures and Essays_, p. 388 (2nd Edition). [141] _Studies in the Theory of Descent_, vol. ii. p. 710; _vid. Edinburgh Review_, October, 1902, _The Rise and Influence of Darwinism_. [142] _Ut sup._ p. 201. [143] _Sic._ The sense evidently requires either that the "not" should be deleted, or "prove" be substituted for "disprove" in the preceding line. This erroneous reading occurs not only in the text from which I quote, but likewise in the _Critiques and Addresses_, p. 307, where this passage forms part of the Professor's review of Haeckel's _Natural History of Creation_, under the title of _The Genealogy of Animals_. [144] _Life and Letters_, ii. 195. [145] _Ibid._, p. 467. [146] _De Natura Deorum_, ii. 4. [147] _Principia, Schol. Gen._ [148] _Unseen Universe_, p. 47. [149] _Burnett Lectures_, p. 327. [150] See report of his words emended by himself, _Nineteenth Century and After_, June, 1903. [151] Bradford, 1873. [152] Montreal, 1884. [153] _Annals and Magazine of Natural History_, 3rd Series, vol. v. p. 138. [154] "Reception of 'Origin of Species,'" _ubi sup._ p. 199. [155] November 26, 1860. [156] May 22, 1860. [157] _Riddle of the Universe_, p. 92. [158] _The Scientific Basis of Morality_, by George Gore, LL.D., F.R.S., p. 31. [159] May 22, 1860. [160] Bain, _De vi physica_, p. 76. [161] _Origin of Laws of Nature_, p. 61. [162] Lord Grimthorpe, _op. cit._ 85. [163] Letter to the _Times_, June 2, 1903