The Old Testament in the Light of the Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and BabyloniaPinches, Theophilus G. (Theophilus Goldridge)
Religion
The Old Testament in the Light of the Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia
Pinches, Theophilus G. (Theophilus Goldridge)
Bible. Old Testament -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
“When (the enclosure) of Ê-zida (was broken down?),
And Nebo was ruler of the host, there (came) down his (winged
bulls).
Down to Tiamtu he se(t his face).
Ibi-Tutu, whom the Sun-god (?) hastened within Tiamtu,
Entered Tiamtu, and founded a pseudo-capital.
The enclosure of Ê-zida, the everlasting temple, was caused to be
broken through.”
“(The enemy), the Elamite, caused his yoke of horses to be
directed, (and)
Set his face (to go) down to Borsippa.
He traversed also the road of darkness, the road to Mesech.
The tyrant (?) Elamite destroyed the palace (?),
He subdued the princes of ... with the sword,
He carried off the spoil of all the temples.
He took their goods, and carried them away to Elam.
.... ruler, he destroyed the ruler (?),
.......... filled also the land.”
(The remainder is wanting.)
Apparently this is a poetical reproduction of the tablets of which
translations have already been given. The enemy entered Babylon, according
to the nine lines of the earlier portion of the inscription which are
preserved, and spoiled and ravaged the place. The mention of the channel
(îku, irrigation-channel) suggests a comparison with the first of the two
historical fragments, where waters over Babylon and Ê-sagila are referred
to, and cause one to ask whether Durmaḫ-îlāni and Tudḫula were not the
lieutenants of Kudur-laḫgumal.
The description of the conditions under which the entry into Babylon was
effected, when the god (possibly Ennundagalla) was clothed with light,
flashed like lightning and shook the holy places, suggests that a severe
thunderstorm acted on the superstitious hopes of the Babylonians, and the
equally superstitious fears of their foes, so much so, that the Elamite
did not carry out his intention of carrying away the crowns of the statue
of the god. He seems, however, to have taken and retained possession of
the place, and to have continued to extend his operations.
The reverse apparently states why all these misfortunes came, and what
further happened. It was because they accepted a foreign ruler (he spoke
peace to the city, and thereby became its master); because there was
denial of righteousness or justice (righteousness was absent?); because
the magicians repeated evil words. Even in the temple of Anu at Erech (the
shrine called Ê-anna, “the temple of heaven,” or “of Anu”) the god of
heaven was displeased, and caused something very like an earthquake. Some,
however, were found who were willing to try to bar the passage of the
conqueror, who had gathered the Umman-manda (barbarian hordes), possibly
his followers and those of Tudḫula or Tidal, against the people (?) of Bêl
(the Babylonians), and laid everything in ruins.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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