The Old Testament in the Light of the Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and BabyloniaPinches, Theophilus G. (Theophilus Goldridge)
Religion
The Old Testament in the Light of the Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia
Pinches, Theophilus G. (Theophilus Goldridge)
Bible. Old Testament -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
“Kuštašpu of the city of the Comagenians; Raṣunnu (Rezon) of the land of
the Sa-Imērišuites (Syria); Meniḫimme (Menahem) of the city of the
Samarians; Ḫirummu (Hirom) of the city of the Tyrians; Sibitti-bi’ili of
the city of the Gebalites; Urikku of the Kûites; Pisiris of the
Carchemishites; Êni-îlu of the city of the Ḫammatites; Panammû of the city
of the Sam’allites; Tarḫulara of the land of the Gurgumites; Sulumal of
the land of the Melidites; Dadi-îlu of the land of the Kaskites; Uassurme
of the land of the Tabalites; Ušḫitti of the land of the Tunites; Urballâ
of the land of the Tuḫanites; Tuḫamme of the city of the Ištundites;
Urimme of the city of the Ḫušimnites; Zabibê, queen of the land of Arabia.
Gold, silver, lead, iron, elephant-skins, ivory, variegated cloth, linen,
violet stuff, crimson stuff, terebinth-wood, oak (?), everything costly,
the treasure of a kingdom, fat lambs whose fleeces were coloured crimson,
winged birds of heaven, whose feathers were coloured violet, horses,
mules, oxen and sheep, male camels and female camels with their young, I
received.”
It was a rich booty, and was probably held to be a sufficient return for
all the expense, and trials, and hardships of the campaign. Though the
kingdom of Judah seems not to have suffered (we must not be too hasty to
assume that this was the case, as the Assyrian records are exceedingly
defective), Israel, as is mentioned above, paid tribute. It does not
appear from the Assyrian account that Tiglath-pileser went against
Samaria, but notwithstanding this, 2 Kings xv. 19 has the following—
“There came against the land Pul the king of Assyria; and Menahem gave Pul
1000 talents of silver, that his hand might be with him to confirm the
kingdom in his hand. And Menahem exacted the money of Israel, even of all
the mighty men of wealth, of each man fifty shekels of silver, to give to
the king of Assyria. So the king of Assyria turned back, and stayed not
there in the land.”
It is to be noted that there is here nothing about buying the Assyrian
king off—the money was paid him to confirm the kingdom in Menahem’s hand.
The writer apparently assumed that the Assyrian king might not altogether
be hostilely inclined, notwithstanding that “he came against the land.”
Perhaps by “land” we are to understand “district.” In any case, the two
accounts can hardly be said to disagree. He did not war there, but he
received Menahem’s tribute—it was therefore needless to mention his visit,
if such it was. Many a ruler in this district must have done the same
thing on this occasion, and there could have been no reason to mention one
more than the other—hence, probably, the absence of references to any
threatening approach to the borders of Israel and other states on the part
of the Assyrian king.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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