The Old Testament in the Light of the Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and BabyloniaPinches, Theophilus G. (Theophilus Goldridge)
Religion
The Old Testament in the Light of the Historical Records and Legends of Assyria and Babylonia
Pinches, Theophilus G. (Theophilus Goldridge)
Bible. Old Testament -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
Besides his son Merodach, who, in Babylonian mythology, became “king of
the gods,”—like Jupiter, in the place of his father—Ae or Ea was regarded
as having six other sons, Dumu-zi-abzu, “Tammuz of the abyss”; Ki-gulla,
“the destroyer of the world”; Nira (meaning doubtful); Bara, “the
revealer” (?); Bara-gula, “the great revealer (?)”; and Burnunta-sā, “the
broad of ear.” One daughter is attributed to him, her name being
Ḫi-dimme-azaga, “the glorious spirit’s offspring,” called, in one of the
incantations (W.A.I. iv., 2nd ed., col. ii., line 54), “the daughter of
the abyss.” He had also two bull-like guardians (probably those composite
creatures, winged bulls with human heads, representations of which guarded
the approaches to the Assyrian palaces), one seemingly named Duga, “the
good,” and the other Dub-ga, apparently meaning “he who causes (the bolt)
to be raised,” giving the suppliant access to the palace of his lord. To
all appearance, the gates giving access to his domain were guarded by
eight porters, the names of most of whom are unfortunately broken away on
the tablet that gives these details, but one of them seems to have borne
the name of Eniw-ḫengala, “the bespeaker of fertility,” whilst another was
named Igi-ḫen(?)gala, “the eye of fertility,” and the third had a name
beginning, like that of the first, with the element Eniw, a circumstance
which would lead one to ask whether this may not be the element Eneu found
in the names of the two creatures Eneugamos and Eneuboulos, mentioned by
Berosus.
His consort was called Damkina, “the lady of the earth,” the Dauké of
Damascius, or Dam-gala-nuna, “the great princely lady.” She likewise had
two bull-like attendants, A-eru and E-a-eru, of whom but little or nothing
is known.
The tablet already quoted (W.A.I. iv., pl. 1, col. ii., ll. 36-39) names
Engur (the deep) as being the mother of Ae or Ea, and attributes to him
another daughter, Nina, with whom the name of Nineveh is apparently
connected.
Down in the Abyss, in the city called Eridu, “the good city,” there dwelt
Ae, with all his court. Sitting on his throne, he waited for the time when
his son Merodach, the good of heart, came to ask him for those
health-bringing incantations for the benefit of mankind. Sometimes,
seemingly, instead of Merodach, his sixth son Burnunsia (Burnunta-sā),
“the broad of ear,” would perform this office. Ae was always ready to help
with his counsels, and no one whose case Merodach forwarded was spurned by
the King of the Abyss.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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