The olive tree is of slow growth, but if allowed to grow naturally, it persists for centuries and attains a great size. De Candolle describes one tree 23 feet in circumference, its age supposed to be over 700 years. Tournefort found fruitful old olive trees between Ephesus and Smyrna which must have been planted before the Mussulman invasion, as Turks had not planted olives, not esteeming them. The Mount of Olives on the east side of Jerusalem was among the places best cultivated. Near its foot was the grove called Gethsemane (Gath-Semen, oil press) because of the olives with which it was covered and those of the slopes above where an abundance of oil was pressed out. In the Garden of Gethsemane there remain only eight of these olive trees that are supposed to have existed at the beginning of the Christian era. Chateaubriand, writing in the early part of the nineteenth century of these olive trees, said, “one sees there eight olive trees in extreme decrepitude.” An article written recently by J. D. Whiting, American Vice-Consul at Jerusalem, had an interesting statement relative to one of these trees. “El Butini, the most famous of the Garden of Gethsemane’s eight olive trees, under which the Savior is supposed to have walked during the night of agony, has recently collapsed. The great tree was weakened by the locust plague during the spring and summer of 1915. When El Butini falls, then falls the Turk, runs the legend.” Throughout Europe and Asia are many old olive trees, some of them producing abundantly, their origin, however, lost in remote centuries. The olive is very tenacious of life, but the methods of cultivation, which tend to increase production, reduce resistance and diminish its duration of life. Etymology The generic name _Olea_ is from the Greek _elaia_, derived from the Celtic or Gothic _olew_, oil, on account of the abundance of oil in the fruit. The specific name _europaea_ is given to the species cultivated throughout Europe. The olive has been given fanciful names by the early peoples. It was known as the “tree of wisdom,” “Minerva’s tree,” the “Gift of Heaven,” etc. The Greeks consecrated the tree to Minerva, and made it the symbol of wisdom, abundance, and peace. Description