From the Breviary of King René, written and illuminated in the Fifteenth Century by some of those appearing in the picture. Preserved in the Bibliothèque de l’Arsenal, Paris. First Violin, Symphony Society of New York, Alexander Saslavsky _Facing page_ 10 A Little Savoyard in Paris with _vielle_, or hurdy-gurdy (old print) 14 St. Cecilia 18 From the Adoration of the Lamb by Jan and Hubert van Eyck, in the Cathedral of St. Bavon, Ghent. St. Cecilia is playing the organ, one of the Angels a harp (of the “Irish” type) and another a violin without “bouts” and with crescent-shaped sound-holes. Note the peculiar and archaic shape of the bow. This picture was painted in the Fifteenth Century. Violin by Gasparo di Salò 22 Violin by Maggini 24 Cremona in 1830 26 From an engraving by Caporali. Violin by Antonius and Hieronymus Amati 30 The Hellier Stradivari 34 Bought by Sir Samuel Hellier of Womborne, Staffordshire, England, from Stradivari about 1734. It was made in 1679, but its history between these dates is unknown. The Hellier Stradivari is one of the most famous examples of Stradivari’s work and is one of his very rare _inlaid_ violins. The bows are of an old model, as their points plainly show, made before the days of Tourte. Violin by Guarneri del Gesù 38 Used by Paganini in most of his concerts. Now in Genoa. Instrument-maker’s Workshop (Eighteenth Century) 40 From the Encyclopaedia of Diderot and d’Alembert. François Tourte, “the Stradivari of the bow” 44 First Viola, Symphony Society of New York, Samuel Lifschey 48 _Viola d’amore_ 50 Owned by the University of Edinburgh. Note the beautiful inlay of the tail-piece and neck, the carved female head instead of scroll with the eyes strangely veiled. The sound-holes of the “flaming-sword” type are beautifully and gracefully cut. This instrument lacks the “sympathetic strings,” with which it was originally strung. Gaspard Duiffoprugcar 52 _Viola da Gamba_ 54 Made by Gaspard Duiffoprugcar, with picture inlaid in the back. First violoncellist, Symphony Society of New York, Engelbert Roentgen 56 _Viola da Gamba_ 60