The first is a theorbo, or bass lute, with a long upper neck to give length for the bass strings. It is five feet long. Notice the three sound-holes joined together (rosaces) and the mother-of-pearl ornamentation. This lute is strung with six pairs of strings on the fingerboard: each pair is tuned in unison. Seven single, or diapason strings (or open basses) are stretched from the upper peg-box. The _Chitarone_ in the centre, also richly inlaid with mother-of-pearl, has also three connected sound-holes, six pairs of unisons upon the fingerboard and eight diapason, or open bass, strings on the neck. It is six feet long! The third _chitarone_ has six pairs of unisons and seven diapason (or bass) strings. The neck is ornamented with checker work. Claudio Monteverde 144 Car of musicians. _Triumph of Maximilian_ 148 By Albrecht Dürer, about 1518. Car of musicians. _Triumph of Maximilian_ 150 By Albrecht Dürer, about 1518. Car of musicians. _Triumph of Maximilian_ 152 By Albrecht Dürer, about 1518. Chamber music in France, in 1635 156 By Abraham Bosse. One of the Twenty-Four Violins of the King, 1688 160 Jean Baptiste Lully 164 Engraved by Gérard Edelinck. Marin Marais 170 The most famous player of the _viola da gamba_ of the Seventeenth Century and Lully’s assistant conductor. Arcangelo Corelli 178 Concert 182 Domenico Scarlatti at the _gravicembalo_ (harpsichord); Tartini, violin; Martini, flute; Locatelli and Lanzetti. Rameau 184 Portrait by Restout, engraved by Benoist. Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris. Johann Sebastian Bach 186 Portrait by C. F. R. Lissewsky (1772) in the Joachimstalschen Gymnasiums, Berlin. Handel 188 Portrait by Thomson. Handel conducting the Orchestra 190 Handel at the _cembalo_ (old print). Gluck 194 Portrait by Duplessis. Haydn 200 Portrait by Gutenbrunn painted in London in 1770. Engraved by Luigi Schiavonetti. Mozart 208 Portrait by Cignaroli in 1770. Beethoven 218