The Organism as a Whole, from a Physicochemical Viewpoint — John Shaqi
The Organism as a Whole, from a Physicochemical ViewpointLoeb, Jacques
Science
The Organism as a Whole, from a Physicochemical Viewpoint
Loeb, Jacques
Biology; Life (Biology); Mendel's law
Among the Primate bloods that of the Chimpanzee gave too high a
figure, owing to the precipitum being flocculent and not settling
well, for some reason which could not be determined. The figure
given by the Ourang is somewhat too low, and the difference between
Cynocephalus sphinx and Ateles is not as marked as might have been
expected in view of the qualitative tests and the series following.
The possibilities of error must be taken into account in judging of
these figures; repeated tests should be made to obtain something
like a constant. Other bloods than those of Primates give small
reactions or no reactions at all. The high figures (10%) obtained
with two Carnivore bloods can be explained by the fact that one
gave a loose precipitum, and the other was a somewhat concentrated
serum.[44]
[44] Nuttall, _Blood Immunity and Blood Relationship_, pp. 319 and 320.
We have mentioned that even the proteins of the egg are specific
according to Uhlenhuth. Graham Smith, one of Nuttall’s collaborators,
applied the latter’s quantitative method to this problem and confirmed
the results of Nuttall. A few examples may serve as an illustration.
TABLE III
TESTS WITH ANTI-DUCK’S-EGG SERUM
--------------------------------+--------------+--------------
_Material tested_ | _Amount of | _Percentage_
| precipitum_ |
--------------------------------+--------------+--------------
Duck’s egg-albumin | .0384 | 100
Pheasant’s " | .0328 | 85
Fowl’s " | .0234 | 61
Silver Pheasant’s " | .0140 | 36
Blackbird’s " | .0065 | 15
Crane’s " | .0051 | 14
Moorhen’s " | .0046 | 12
Thrush’s " | .0046 | 12
Emu’s " | .0018 | 5
Hedge-Sparrow’s " | trace | ?
Chaffinch’s " | . | 0
Tortoise serum | trace | ?
Turtle serum | " | ?
Alligator serum | . | 0
--------------------------------+--------------+--------------
Frog, Amphiuma, and Dogfish sera, as well as Tortoise and Dogfish
egg-albumins, were also tested, with negative results.
TABLE IV
TESTS WITH ANTI-FOWL’S-EGG SERUM
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