55. Manilius, II, 466: "Quin etiam propriis inter se legibus astra | Conveniunt, ut certa gerant commercia rerum, | Inque vicem praestant visus atque auribus haerent, | Aut odium, foedusque gerunt," etc.--Signs [Greek: bleponta] and [Greek: akouonta]: cf. Bouche-Leclercq, pp. 139 ff.--The planets rejoice ([Greek: chairein]) in their mansions, etc.--Signs [Greek: phoneenta], etc.: cf. _Cat._, I, pp. 164 ff.; Bouche-Leclercq, pp. 77 ff. The terminology of the driest didactic texts is saturated with mythology. 56. Saint Leo, _In Nativ._, VII, 3 (Migne, _P. L._, LIV, col. 218); Firmicus, I, 6, 7; Ambrosiaster, in the _Revue d'hist. et litt. relig._, VIII, 1903, p. 16. 57. Cf. Reitzenstein, _Poimandres_, pp. 77 ff., cf. p. 103, where a text of Zosimus attributes this theory to Zoroaster. Wendland, _Die hellenistisch-roem. Kultur_, 1907, p. 81. This is the meaning of the verse of the _Orac. Chaldaica_: [Greek: Ou gar huph' heimarten agelen piptousi theourgoi] (p. 59 Kroll). According to Arnobius (II, 62, Cornelius Labeo) the magi claimed "deo esse se gnatos nec fati obnoxios legibus." 58. _Bibliography._ We have no complete book on Greek and Roman magic. Maury, _La magie et l'astrologie dans l'antiquite et au moyen age_, 1864, is a mere sketch. The most complete account is Hubert's art. "Magia" in the _Dict. des antiquites_ of Daremberg, Saglio, Pottier. It contains an index of the sources and the earlier bibliography. More recent studies are: Fahz, _De poet. Roman. doctrina magica_, Giessen, 1903; Audollent, _Defixionum tabulae_, Paris, 1904; Wuensch, _Antikes Zaubergeraet aus Pergamon_, Berlin, 1905 (important objects found dating back to the third century, A. D.); Abt, _Die Apologie des Apuleius und die Zauberei_, Giessen, 1908.--The superstition that is not magic, but borders upon it, is the subject of a very important article by Riess, "Aberglaube," in the _Realenc._ of Pauly-Wissowa. An essay by Kroll, _Antiker Aberglaube_, Hamburg, 1897, deserves mention.--Cf. Ch. Michel {278} in the _Revue d'hist. et litt. rel._, VII, 1902, p. 184. See also _infra_, nn. 64, 65, 72. 59. The question of the principles of magic has recently been the subject of discussions started by the theories of Frazer, _The Golden Bough_, 2d ed., 1900 (cf. Goblet d'Alviella, _Revue de l'univ. de Bruxelles_, Oct. 1903). See Andrew Lang, _Magic and Religion_, London, 1901; Hubert and Mauss, _Esquisse d'une theorie generale de la magie_ (_Annee sociologique_, VII), 1904, p. 56; cf. _Melanges hist. des relig._, Paris, 1909, pp. xvii ff.; Jevons, _Magic_, in the _Transactions of the Congress for the History of Religions_, Oxford, 1908, I, p. 71. Loisy, "Magie science et religion," in _A propos d'hist. des religions_, 1911, p. 166. 60. S. Reinach, _Mythes, cultes et relig._, II, Intr., p. xv.