The Origin and Nature of the Emotions; Miscellaneous PapersCrile, George Washington
Science
The Origin and Nature of the Emotions; Miscellaneous Papers
Crile, George Washington
Emotions; Psychophysiology
It seems most probable that the site of the pain is in the brain-cells.
If this be so, then what is the physical process by which the
phenomena of pain are produced? The one hypothesis that can be
tested experimentally is that pain is a phenomenon resulting from
the rapid discharge of energy in the brain-cells. If this be true,
then if every pain receptor of the body were equally stimulated
in such a manner that
{illust. caption = FIG. 25.--FEAR AND AGONY. "Amid this dread
exuberance of woe ran naked spirits wing'd with horrid fear."--
Dante's "Inferno," Canto XXIV, lines 89, 90. all the stimuli
reached the brain-cells simultaneously, the cells would find
themselves in equilibrium and no motor act would be performed.
But if all the pain receptors of the body but one were equally stimulated,
and this one stimu-lated harder than the rest, then the latter
would gain possession of the final common path, the sensation
of pain would be felt, and a muscular contraction would result.
It is well known that when a greater pain is thrown into
competition with a lesser one, the lesser is completely submerged.
In this manner the school-boy initiates the novice into the mystery
of the painless plucking of hair. The simultaneous, but severe
application of the boot to the blindfolded victim takes complete
and exclusive possession of the final common path and the hair
is painlessly plucked through the triumph of the boot stimulus over
the hair stimulus in the struggle for the possession of the final
common path. Another argument in favor of this hypothesis that
pain is an accompaniment of the release of energy in the brain-
cells is found in the fact that painless stimuli received through
the special senses may completely submerge the painful stimuli
of physical injury; for although the stimuli to motor action,
which are received through the senses of sight, hearing, and smell,
cause even more powerful motor action than those caused by
physical contact stimuli, yet they are not accompanied by pain.
Examples of this triumph of stimulation of the special senses over
contact stimulation are frequently seen in persons obsessed by anger
or fear, and to a less degree in those obsessed by sexual emotion.
In the fury of battle the soldier may not perceive his wound until
the emotional excitation is wearing away, when the sensation
of warm blood on the skin may first attract his attention.
Religious fanatics are said to feel no pain when they subject themselves
to self-injury. Now, since both psychic and mechanical stimuli cause motor
action by the excitation ofprecisely the same mechanism in the brain,
and since the more rapid release of energy from psychic stimuli
submerges the physical stimuli and prevents pain, it would seem
that pain must be a phenomenon which is associated with the process
of releasing energy by the brain-cells. Were physical injury inflicted
in a quiescent state equal to that inflicted in the emotional state,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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