All the various shades and developments of sensation were doubtless
distinguished and named for some very useful purpose; but the
inconvenience was great when the terms became too numerous. “We may
safely enjoy the wealth of language accumulated by a long line of
thinkers, if only we take care not to accept a coin for more or less
than it is really worth. We must weigh our words as the ancients often
weighed their coins, and not be deceived by their current value.”[31]
When we have bravely resolved to throw away superfluous words, we need
not imagine that we are the poorer, since we have only lost what we, in
reality, never possessed. So powerful, however, is the action of words
on thoughts, that as soon as we throw away a word, we feel ourselves
to have been robbed of the thing itself; the sun rises just the same,
though we say now that it does not rise. Those things which we call
mind, intellect, reason, memory, in fact the soul, have no existence
as such--that is apart from ourselves. This assertion may sound very
terrible to those philosophers who imagine that the dignity of man
consists in the possession of these and other powers; at last there
arises a complete mythology, a philosophic polytheism, when these are
spoken of as distinct possessions, independent powers, with limits not
very sharply defined; and however orthodox that polytheism has become,
it is never too late to protest against it. In making use of these
terms it should be understood that they represent certain modes of
action and phases of the Ego.
It is to be regretted that our modern languages have nothing to replace
the word “mind,” such as there is in the Sanscrit language, meaning
“working within.” As soon as we speak of _mind_ we cannot help thinking
of an independent something dwelling in our body, whereas by mind I
mean nothing but that working which is going on within, embracing
sensation, perception, conception, and naming, and the worker who
accomplishes this is the Ego.
Thus the Ego means nothing but consciousness of itself.
There is one word which it would be desirable to reintroduce into our
philosophical phraseology and that is Logos; it means the word and
the thought combined. Logos is a single intellectual act under two
aspects; it is an untranslatable word. We were told at school that it
was strange that the Greeks should not have distinguished between Logos
Speech and Logos Reason, and it was represented as a progress toward
clearer thought that later writers should have distinguished between
Logos the spoken word and Logos the inner thought.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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