Archaeology; Civilization, Ancient; Despotism; Greece -- History -- To 146 B.C.; Wealth
According to the story Peisistratus persuaded the Athenians to take him
back by dressing up a stately woman named Phye to personate Athena and
order his recall[268]. It is generally agreed that this story will not
do as it stands. Various attempts have been made to explain it
away[269], but all of them are equally unconvincing. Perhaps the reason
is that all alike are based on some single unessential detail of the
story. None of them interprets it in the light of the better known parts
of the tyrant’s career, and more particularly of the matter of fact
accounts of his second restoration. Beloch indeed, like the Russian
Hirschensohn, believes that there was only one restoration, with which
the Phye story and the account of Peisistratus’ return from the Thracian
mining district are both to be connected[270]. He notes that the cause
of banishment is the same in both cases; that the chronology is
suspiciously symmetrical; that Polyaenus combines incidents from the two
restorations; and that Eusebius[271] and Jerome[272] both make
Peisistratus begin his second reign about the time that Herodotus begins
his third, while neither of them mentions a third reign at all. Note too
that corresponding to Phye in the first restoration we have in the
second a “sacred procession” from the temple of Athena Pallenis
conducted by an Acarnanian soothsayer[273].
These points are not convincing. Similar improbabilities, and
repetitions and chronological symmetries can often be discovered in
narratives of the most unquestionable authenticity[274]. The fact that
Polyaenus combines the two accounts proves nothing, unless we assume him
to be incapable of confusing two similar events. Further, Beloch is
forced to make the marriage of Peisistratus with Megacles’ daughter
precede his first exile, since he sees that the childlessness of the
marriage led to the breach with the Coast[275]. In this he goes dead
against the tradition on a point where there is no reason to suspect it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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