The warriors whom we now greet are Hengist and Horsa, the two English
chiefs who first won a foothold for themselves on the soil of Britain.
An old legend tells us that they were scouring the coasts of Kent what
time Vortigern, the British king, was sore beset by the Picts and Scots.
Half beside himself with terror at their raids, he calls on these
adventurers to aid him. If they will drive back the northern barbarians,
they shall have food and pay for their services. The bargain is struck.
Hengist and Horsa beach their keels on the gravel spit at Ebbsfleet and
land their warriors. The Picts and Scots are driven back, and the
victorious English return from the fray. Then they ask a whimsical
boon—namely, as much land as a bull’s hide can encompass. The request
is granted, and Hengist cuts his bull’s hide into long strips, and with
them engirdles a rocky place, whereon he erects a fortress. Thus the
English secure their first foothold in Britain.
The news is wafted across the sea, and a new swarm of “sea-wolves”
appears. They come in seventeen ships, and on the stern of the leading
vessel the banner of the White Horse waves in the breeze. With the
newcomers arrives a new conqueror, wearing no helmet and carrying no
battle-axe, but armed only with a pair of beautiful blue eyes and a face
of surpassing loveliness. She is Hengist’s fair daughter Rowena, the
English princess who is destined to win more British acres by her bright
glances than the “sea-wolves” have won by their swords and numberless
forays. Vortigern feasts with her father, and she hands him the cup of
greeting which she has kissed, and bids him “Waes hael.” He falls a
willing victim to her charms; he woos and wins her, and as a marriage
gift Vortigern bestows upon her brothers a large part of his kingdom.
Bitterly resenting this gift, the jealous Britons gather in arms and
attack the English. Horsa is slain at the battle of the
Fort-of-the-Eagles, and for a time the banner of the White Horse is
trailed in the dust. Hengist, driven to his ships, returns with
reinforcements, offering peace to the British chiefs, whom he invites to
a feast. Both sides are to come unarmed to the hospitable board; but
Hengist orders his followers to conceal their swords beneath their
garments, and when the wine-cup has gone round, the fatal signal is
given, and they fall upon their guests and slaughter every Briton
present save Vortigern. The legends vary, but the truth remains that the
English mastered the Britons on the south and east coasts, and
established large settlements. Hengist’s success was the signal for a
host of other English adventurers to put their fortune to the test. They
swarmed across the North Sea, and the work of conquest and settlement
began.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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