Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this file which includes the original illustrations. See 41807-h.htm or 41807-h.zip: (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/41807/41807-h/41807-h.htm) or (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/41807/41807-h.zip) Images of the original pages are available through the the Google Books Library Project. See http://www.google.com/books?id=I0X49oGRUYMC&oe Transcriber's note: Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_). Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals. THE PANAMA CANAL * * * * * [Illustration: The 5 Points of Authority] The 5 Points of Authority in this Book 1. All of the chapters in this book pertaining to the actual construction of the Canal were read and corrected by Colonel George W. Goethals, Chairman and Chief Engineer of the Isthmian Canal Commission. 2. All of the illustrations were made from photographs taken by Mr. Ernest Hallen, the official photographer of the Commission. 3. The book contains the beautiful, colored Bird's-eye View of the Canal Zone, made under the direction of the National Geographic Society, as well as the black-and-white official map of the Canal. 4. The extensive index was prepared by Mr. G. Thomas Ritchie, of the staff of the Library of Congress. 5. The final proofs were revised by Mr. Howard E. Sherman, of the Government Printing Office, to conform with the typographical style of the United States Government. "The American Government," by the same author, was read by millions of Americans, and still holds the record as the world's best seller among all works of its kind. * * * * * [Illustration: ATLANTIC OCEAN PACIFIC OCEAN Courtesy, National Geographic Magazine, Washington, D. C. BIRD'S-EYE VIEW OF THE PANAMA CANAL Copyright, 1913, by the J. N. Matthews Co., Buffalo, N. Y.] THE PANAMA CANAL by FREDERIC J. HASKIN Author of "The American Government," etc. [Illustration: logo] Illustrated from photographs taken by ERNEST ALLEN Official Photographer of the Isthmian Canal Commission Garden City New York Doubleday, Page & Company 1913 Copyright, 1913, by Doubleday, Page & Company All rights reserved, including that of translation into foreign languages, including the Scandinavian Press of J. J. Little & Ives Co. New York PREFACE