The Parochial History of Cornwall, Volume 3 (of 4)
History
The Parochial History of Cornwall, Volume 3 (of 4)
Cornwall (England : County) -- History; Geology -- England -- Cornwall (County)
“Reputed,” saith Mr. Willis, “the ancient Uzella of Ptolemy, lies
situated on the river Uzella,” (I wonder how Mr. Willis came to be
guilty of this mistake, since both Leland and Camden, whom he quotes,
tell him that it lies on the river Fowy,) “from which it more probably
had its name, as the learned Camden thinks” (Mr. Camden says as I have
quoted him above,) “than from Carew’s interpretation of the word
Lestwithiel, which he would have to signify in English, lion’s tail.
This town is reputed in former times to have stood on a high hill,
where the old castle of Lestormel showeth its ruins, which with a park
thereto belonging, lies on the north side of the town” (and is in the
parish of Lanlivery, for which reason it is not treated of here). “In
the park was a Chapel of the Trinity, long since defaced, as are the
public buildings of the town, insomuch that little remains of them;
though some small parts are repaired, and made use of for the prisons
and courts belonging to the Tin Stannaries, which are appointed to be
kept here, this being one of the coinage towns.”
Before I go on any further with Mr. Willis, it may be proper to insert
at length what Mr. Camden saith of it. “More within the land, on the
same river (Fowy), the Uzella of Ptolemy is seated; and has not quite
lost its name, being called at this day Lestuthiell, from its
situation; for it was upon a high hill, where is Listormel, an ancient
castle; though now it is removed into the valley. Now Uchel, British,
signifies the same as high and lofty; from whence Uxellodunum of Gaule
is so termed, because the town being built upon a mountain, has a
steep rugged ascent every way. This in the British history is called
Pen-Uchel-Coit, a high mountain in a wood, by which some will have
Exeter meant. But the situation assigned it by Ptolemy, and the name
it has to this day, do sufficiently evince it to have been the ancient
Uzella. Now it is a little town, and not at all populous; for the
channel of the river Fowy, which in the last age used to carry the
tide up to the very town, and bring vessels of burthen, is now so
stopped up by the sands coming from the tin-mines, that it is too
shallow for barges; and indeed, all the havens in this county are in
danger of being choaked up by their sands. However, it is the county
town, where the Sheriff every month holds the County Court, and the
Warden of the Stannaries has his prison. For it has the privilege of
coinage, by the favour (as they say) of Edmund Earl of Cornwall, who
formerly had his palace there. But there are two towns which
especially eclipse the glory of this Uzella,――Leskerd to the east, and
Bodman to the north.” Now to return to Mr. Willis. “It is a very
ancient corporation, belonging to the Duchy, having had great
privileges conferred upon it by Richard Earl of Cornwall (so saith
Leland, Itinerary, vol. III. fol. 16,) who, when he was King of the
Romans, in the twelfth year of his reign, by charter dated at
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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