The party battles of the Jackson periodBowers, Claude G. (Claude Gernade)
History
The party battles of the Jackson period
Bowers, Claude G. (Claude Gernade)
Jackson, Andrew, 1767-1845; United States -- Politics and government -- 1829-1837
hazards, regardless of its measures.”[238] This insistence on the defeat
of the Administration, “regardless of its measures,” was the reasoning
of an ambitious politician, none too scrupulous, in a pinch, in his
methods. The rest is known--how Calhoun threw his influence to Jackson
in 1828, and was reflected to the Vice-Presidency with the hero of the
Hermitage. Close students of the period are now convinced that
preliminary to this alliance an agreement had been made that Calhoun was
to succeed to the Presidency after four years.
At this time he was in the full maturity of his wonderful power, and the
future must have seemed secure. Quincy, who saw him about this time,
found him “a striking looking man, with thick black hair brushed back
defiantly,” and he comments on Calhoun’s policy of cultivating and
fascinating all young men visiting the National capital.[239] The world
is too familiar with the tragic features of the great Carolinian to
require a description. The rugged carving, the low broad brow, the spare
frame almost amounting to attenuation, the penetrating gaze of the
“glorious pair of yellow-brown shining eyes,” the bushy brows and the
sunken sockets--Calhoun looked unlike any other man in history.[240] He
was a commanding figure at the time of the quarrel which was to change
the entire course of his life, and to alter his political character.
II
We have seen that Calhoun was annoyed with Jackson over matters of
patronage, but the development of the quarrel to the breaking point is
to be traced in the story of a debate and two dinners.
While it has not been customary to attach any party significance to the
Webster-Hayne debate, it was conducted along party lines and was a party
battle. To such a seasoned observer of parliamentary fights as Thomas H.
Benton, it was little more than a party skirmish.[241] Even Webster, at
the time, evidently looked upon Hayne’s assault upon him as political in
its character. Some time before he had sent Senator White of Florida to
Calhoun to warn him that by permitting his friends to attack New
England, he was playing into the hands of Van Buren, who would capture
New England States that would otherwise go to the South Carolinian. And
Calhoun, no less alive to the political significance of the promised
fight, had, according to White’s story to Adams, been impressed. “He
said Calhoun seemed to be considerably at a loss what to do,” wrote
Adams at the time; “that he did not know what things were coming to;
that he had no feeling of unfriendliness to me, and would by now have
visited me but for fear of being misrepresented; that if I had consulted
him four years ago, and not have appointed Clay Secretary of State, I
should now have been President of the United States.”[242] This
purported warning of Webster to Calhoun is given color by the former’s
action during his great speech, in turning his fine black eyes upon the
latter, in the chair, while quoting:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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