War is in the highest sense dysgenic rather than eugenic. It is destructive of the best strains, spiritually, morally and physically. For the world’s future the destruction of wealth is a small matter compared with the destruction of the best human strains, for wealth can be renewed while these strains of the real human aristocracy once lost are lost forever. In the new world that we are working and fighting for, the world of liberty, of justice and of humanity, we shall save democracy only when democracy discovers its own aristocracy as in the days when our Republic was founded. HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN. December, 1917. CONTENTS _PART I_ RACE, LANGUAGE AND NATIONALITY PAGE I. RACE AND DEMOCRACY 3 II. THE PHYSICAL BASIS OF RACE 13 III. RACE AND HABITAT 37 IV. THE COMPETITION OF RACES 46 V. RACE, LANGUAGE AND NATIONALITY 56 VI. RACE AND LANGUAGE 69 VII. THE EUROPEAN RACES IN COLONIES 76 _PART II_ EUROPEAN RACES IN HISTORY I. EOLITHIC MAN 97 II. PALEOLITHIC MAN 104 III. THE NEOLITHIC AND BRONZE AGES 119 IV. THE ALPINE RACE 134 V. THE MEDITERRANEAN RACE 148 VI. THE NORDIC RACE 167 VII. TEUTONIC EUROPE 179 VIII. THE EXPANSION OF THE NORDICS 188 IX. THE NORDIC FATHERLAND 213 X. THE NORDIC RACE OUTSIDE OF EUROPE 223 XI. RACIAL APTITUDES 226 XII. ARYA 233 XIII. ORIGIN OF THE ARYAN LANGUAGES 242 XIV. THE ARYAN LANGUAGE IN ASIA 253 APPENDIX WITH COLORED MAPS 265 DOCUMENTARY SUPPLEMENT 275 BIBLIOGRAPHY 415 INDEX 445 CHARTS AND MAPS CHARTS CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE _Pages_ 132–133 CLASSIFICATION OF THE RACES OF EUROPE _Facing page_ 123 PROVISIONAL OUTLINE OF NORDIC INVASIONS AND METAL CULTURES _Facing page_ 191