The Pavement Masters of Siena (1369-1562) — John Shaqi
The Pavement Masters of Siena (1369-1562)Cust, Robert H. Hobart (Robert Henry Hobart)
History
The Pavement Masters of Siena (1369-1562)
Cust, Robert H. Hobart (Robert Henry Hobart)
Art -- Italy -- Siena; Duomo di Siena; Pavements, Mosaic
The first authoritative document, however, which speaks of _figures_
on the Pavement is an entry in the Duomo Archives, under date March
13th, 1406, which records the payment of 140 lire, “_e quali li debiamo
dare_,” to Marchesse d’Adamo (perhaps a son of the architect, Maestro
Adamo), “_e compagni maestri di pietra da Como per una rotta (ruota)
anno fatto murare nello spazzo contra a la sagrestia_.”[8]
From the mention of its neighbourhood to the _sacristy_, this must
point to the circle containing the figure of Fortitude, No 21, from
which, alas! restoration, in 1839, has removed all ancient feeling,
and sadly reduced to the commonplace.
After this we find no entries until 1423; but from that time commences
the real history of the Pavement Masters: and we begin with perhaps
the most interesting personage connected with it; namely, Domenico di
Niccolo del Coro, who held the post of Capo-maestro[9] of the Opera
del Duomo between the years 1413 and 1423. It is not easy now to
separate the work attributed to Domenico from that of another artist,
Paolo di Martino, who appears to have immediately succeeded Domenico
as Capo-maestro. We know, however, that the following portions of the
floor were executed at that date:
1. David the Psalmist, surrounded by four Musicians (No. 53).[10]
2. David the Youth with his Sling (No. 55).
3. The Giant Goliath falling backwards (No. 54).
4. Moses (No. 16).
5. Samson chastising the Philistines (No. 14).
6. Judas Maccabeus (No. 15).
7. Joshua (No. 23).
8. The Slaughter of the Five Kings of the Amorites (No. 22).
Of these eight subjects the first three may be with certainty given to
Domenico himself; whilst Nos. 5 and 8 may be[11] ascribed to the other
artist. Of the single figures that of Judas Maccabeus is so entirely
concealed now by the balustrade of the altar of the Blessed Sacrament
built over it, that it is impossible to ascertain with any degree of
absolute certainty who was its author; but Joshua and Moses are given
by Milanesi to Paolo di Martino.
Domenico seems to have been a great and versatile artist, a worker in
glass,[12] as well as in marble, and above all famous for his skill in
woodcarving and inlay. The restorations of his work here, which have
evidently been frequent, have robbed it of very much of the charm,
which we feel so strongly in his inlaid panels in the Palazzo Pubblico
Chapel, but there is still a naïve originality about the designs, which
cannot fail to show his high merit.
The next celebrated artist, who left his mark on this floor was the
painter, Domenico di Bartolo di Ghezzo of Asciano, whose charming
design of the Emperor Sigismund enthroned, No. 13, is one of the most
marked exceptions to the general scheme.
Next we have Pietro del Minella, the celebrated sculptor, and a pupil
of the still more famous Giacomo della Quercia. He also left only one
design, but that perhaps the most striking in the entire floor: Absalom
hanging by his hair, No. 12.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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