Manning in the Pomological Notices in the _Magazine of Horticulture_ said: "This tree bears well every year; the fruit is handsome, but very dry and of inferior quality. Ripe in September. It may prove to have been received under a wrong name." =Archiduc Charles.= =1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =1=:153, fig. 1867. Raised by M. Duval, Hainaut, Bel. Fruit medium to large, short-pyramidal, bright yellow in France, brown-red next the sun, covered with large, dark-brown russet dots and patches; flesh fine, yellowish-white, juicy, with a very agreeable savor; first; Nov. and Dec. =Archiduc d'Été.= =1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =1=:155, fig. 1867. _Ognonet._ =2.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:135, Pl. VIII. 1768. An old French variety described under various names at different times and places, the earliest being by Merlet in 1675. It acquired the synonym of _Ognonet_ in the eighteenth century from its swelled onion-like form. Fruit small, obovate-obtuse-pyriform; pale lively green changing to yellowish-green as it ripens and covered with dark red next the sun with numerous russety dots and some patches of russet; flesh yellowish-white, semi-fine, juicy, gritty, sugary, acid, with a slight flavor of anis; second; July and Aug. =Archiduc Jean d'Autriche.= =1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 159. 1832. =2.= _Mag. Hort._ =21=:146. 1855. Originated by Van Mons about 1817 and characterized by him as "admirable;" otherwise undescribed. =Archiduchesse d'Autriche.= =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 483. 1884. Raised by Van Mons. Fruit medium or below, globular-turbinate, green, yellowish-green when ripe, blushed with brownish-red, dots and stains of cinnamon-russet; flesh white, semi-melting, slightly gritty at core, juicy, sugary and rather rich flavor; second rate dessert; Sept. =Arendt Dechantsbirne.= 1. Dochnahl _Führ. Obsikunde_ =2=:92. 1856. Raised from seed by Van Mons at Louvain, Bel. Reported in 1833. Fruit small, globular, uniformly greenish-yellow, thickly dotted; flesh aromatic, vinous; first for dessert; late Nov. =Argent.= =1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =1=:156, fig. 1867. Adrianus Junius, a Dutch botanist of the sixteenth century, identified the _pear of silver_ or _the money pear_ with the _Nardina_ of the Romans, though his contemporary, Jacques Dalechamp of Normandy in his "_Histoire des plantes_," 1585, connected it with the _Liceriana_ mentioned by Pliny. _Nardina_ or _Nard_ was an ointment smelling strongly of musk and lavender, from which the ancient pear no doubt took its name, but the flesh of Argent does not give out any such aroma. Henry Manger writing in 1783 thought that the _Poire d'Argent_ which we have today is the _Liceriana_ of Pliny, agreeing with Dalechamp. Fruit small; form globular-obtuse-pyriform but usually mammillate at the summit, greenish-yellow, dotted with russet all over; flesh dead white, fine and melting, juicy, gritty at core; quality second; Aug. and Sept. =Argusbirne.= =1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:73. 1856.