London (England) -- Social conditions; Poor -- England -- London
I shall never forget the bitter wail of a blind man in a little East
End shop at the close of a murky day. He had been the eldest of five
children, with a mother and no father. Being the eldest, he had starved
and worked as a child to put bread into the mouths of his little
brothers and sisters. Not once in three months did he ever taste meat.
He never knew what it was to have his hunger thoroughly appeased. And
he claimed that this chronic starvation of his childhood had robbed him
of his sight. To support the claim, he quoted from the report of the
Royal Commission on the Blind, “Blindness is more prevalent in poor
districts, and poverty accelerates this dreadful affliction.”
But he went further, this blind man, and in his voice was the
bitterness of an afflicted man to whom society did not give enough to
eat. He was one of an enormous army of blind in London, and he said
that in the blind homes they did not receive half enough to eat. He
gave the diet for a day:—
Breakfast—0.75 pint of skilly and dry bread.
Dinner —3 oz. meat.
1 slice of bread.
0.5 lb. potatoes.
Supper —0.75 pint of skilly and dry bread.
Oscar Wilde, God rest his soul, voices the cry of the prison child,
which, in varying degree, is the cry of the prison man and woman:—
“The second thing from which a child suffers in prison is hunger. The
food that is given to it consists of a piece of usually bad-baked
prison bread and a tin of water for breakfast at half-past seven. At
twelve o’clock it gets dinner, composed of a tin of coarse Indian meal
stirabout (skilly), and at half-past five it gets a piece of dry bread
and a tin of water for its supper. This diet in the case of a strong
grown man is always productive of illness of some kind, chiefly of
course diarrhoea, with its attendant weakness. In fact, in a big prison
astringent medicines are served out regularly by the warders as a
matter of course. In the case of a child, the child is, as a rule,
incapable of eating the food at all. Any one who knows anything about
children knows how easily a child’s digestion is upset by a fit of
crying, or trouble and mental distress of any kind. A child who has
been crying all day long, and perhaps half the night, in a lonely
dim-lit cell, and is preyed upon by terror, simply cannot eat food of
this coarse, horrible kind. In the case of the little child to whom
Warder Martin gave the biscuits, the child was crying with hunger on
Tuesday morning, and utterly unable to eat the bread and water served
to it for its breakfast. Martin went out after the breakfasts had been
served and bought the few sweet biscuits for the child rather than see
it starving. It was a beautiful action on his part, and was so
recognised by the child, who, utterly unconscious of the regulations of
the Prison Board, told one of the senior wardens how kind this junior
warden had been to him. The result was, of course, a report and a
dismissal.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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