Another note is represented by "AH-O-oo." It has a mournful quality, and terminates abruptly in a lowered pitch. It is usually sustained about 3 seconds, and is repeated at intervals of 2 to 5 seconds. Other notes consist of prolonged burring, which is the basic sound of the cicada, and soft, short purrs. To begin a note, the cicada lifts its abdomen (the back part of the body) to a rigid, horizontal position. When the sound ends, the abdomen drops back to the usual, somewhat sagging position. Damage to Trees The egg-laying habits of the female cicada, which have been described, can cause severe damage or even destruction to young, transplanted trees in nurseries and orchards, and some damage to older trees. Egg punctures can cause the twigs and branches of small, immature trees to wilt; and the wounds can give ingress to disease and serve as shelters and feeding locations for scale insects, woolly aphids, and other insects. Twigs in which many egg pockets are made are often broken or partly broken from the tree. Sonic fruit is lost from bearing trees that have been severely injured. Seventy or eighty species of trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants harbor the eggs of the cicada. Those for which the female seems to have a preference are oak, hickory, apple, peach, pear, and grape. Cicadas cause no visible feeding damage to plants and trees. Reducing the Damage The insecticides Sevin and TEPP are effective against the cicada, Sevin being preferred when residue restrictions do not prevent its use because of its much greater residual effectiveness. Use Sevin to protect ornamental plants, shade trees, and some fruit trees (apples, pears, peaches, plums, prunes, and cherries), and grapes, for which a tolerance has been approved. Otherwise, use TEPP. =CAUTION.=--Sevin and TEPP are poisonous. Read and follow all precautions on the label. TEPP is extremely dangerous to handle. Serious illness, or even death, may result if it is swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Sevin has long residual value against the cicada. One application applied when egg-laying begins will afford protection for 1 to 3 weeks, depending on the degree of infestation. Repeat applications only after reinfestation is evident. To prepare a Sevin spray, mix 2 pounds of a 50-percent wettable powder with 100 gallons of water. TEPP acts only on direct contact with the insect. It does not affect insects that come to the tree after the spray has dried, thus orchards close to woodlands have to be sprayed almost daily. Orchards further from heavy infestations can be protected reasonably well by three or four applications a week apart. TEPP is most effective if applied early in the day, before the cicadas become active. Prepare a TEPP spray by mixing one-half pint of a 20-percent concentrate, or one-fourth pint of a 40-percent concentrate, with 100 gallons of water.