Indians of North America -- Religion; Indians of North America -- Rites and ceremonies; Peyotism
Another factor making for insecurity of belief and practice has been the
intense opposition on the part of some leaders of older cults in the
tribe itself. We will recur to this subject in discussing the history of
peyote in specific groups, but cite here the rather accentuated example
of hostility at Taos.[3] Dr. Parsons tells of a lawsuit between a “peyote
boy” and one of the Mexican Penitentes which was resolved by both paying
the costs, to prevent the betrayal of native customs. Thereafter the
chiefs said:
[Peyote] does not belong to us. It is not the work given to us.
It will stop the rain. Something will happen.
But as desire for rain is the typical anxiety reflected in native ritual
in the agricultural Southwest, the peyote boys retorted in the same vein.
In the drought of 1922 they said:
“Now it is so dry this summer because the peyote boys can’t
have their meetings; they used to bring so much rain.” [Indeed,
nowadays,] the townspeople are given to referring all their
inclination to feud to the peyote situation.
But there is ample evidence that this tendency existed before peyote ever
came to Taos. On the other hand, the wife of one peyote-user asserted
that there was no more “witch sickness” in the town because of the
peyote people, who were able to exorcize witches; nevertheless, one man
attributed his trachoma to witching by “foreigners” in peyote meetings.
Such intense seriousness is in marked contrast to the situation in some
Plains tribes, where peyote jokes are told at times in the forenoons
after meetings, when sufficient rapport has been established. A Comanche
story tells of a leader who took his expensive watch into a meeting and
laid it on the altar cloth near the father peyote to “show off.” A man
shaking the gourd vigorously on the north side was making motions toward
the father peyote, and miraculously the watch became broken up; “it
was just a mess of works there loose, and the hands dropped off.” The
informant was highly amused at this story. An Oto told the tale of a man
whose jaw became stiff as he was singing, a contretemps which upset the
whole meeting. Though this effect was apparently due to peyote, the story
was greeted with much laughter. People laugh at the incorrect singing
of peyote songs too. We have already mentioned the one involving the
alarming proximity of the Messiah just across the river in Missouri.
Another story is told of a visiting Kiowa who attempted to sing a
Comanche song in meeting. He mispronounced the words and sang, “_Mentula
exposita est! Mentula exposita est!_” All the auditors of this story
laughed at this further proof that the Comanche have “no shame.”
The attitudes surrounding the plant itself are interesting. Perhaps the
Tarahumari[4] attitudes are most accentuated:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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