[3] Henry (T. A.), _The Plant Alkaloids_, 395; Dayton, op. cit., 89. Havard (_Report on the Flora_, 500) says the alkaloid sophoria [sic] was isolated by Dr. H. C. Wood in 1877 as a whitish, amorphous substance producing convulsions, temporary loss of voluntary movement, and distressing vomiting; again (_Drink Plants_, 39) he says sophorine [sic] is an irritant-narcotic. Another alkaloid, matrine, is found in _Sophora_ spp. (Nagai, Plugge, Kondo et al. in Henry (T. A.), _The Plant Alkaloids_, 398). Havard, citing one Bellanger, says the Indians near San Antonio formerly used the seed as an intoxicant, half of one producing a delirious exhilaration followed by a deep sleep lasting two or three days; a whole bean, according to Dr. Rothrock’s informant, would kill a man. Dayton, 89, says children have been known to die from the effects of eating seeds of _S. secundiflora_; in any case, a rupture of the hard, leathery coat of the bean would be required for the release of the alkaloid in the bean-flesh. Cattle and sheep appear to be more affected by the leaves of the plant, which also contain the alkaloid, than by the beans. The effect on them is marked: sheep fed about one percent body weight of the leaves were paralyzed in the legs for days and calves fed as little as .25% of body weight of fresh leaves died in 45 hours; one fed 1.0% died in 1¾ hours. Recovery in sheep sometimes required 12 days, in calves up to 16 days (Boughton and Hardy). [4] Condensed and synthesized from Boughton and Hardy; Havard, _Report on the Flora_, 458, 500; _Drink Plants_, 39-40; Standley, 435; Dayton, 87-89. [5] Safford, _Narcotic Plants_, 398. [6] Mooney, _Tarumari-Guayachic_ (quoting Safford?). [7] Gilmore, _Uses of Plants_, 99 writes: “The Omaha traveling into Oklahoma have found them [chinaberry] there, and have taken up their use. They already had employed for beads as well as for a good-luck charm the bright red seed of a species of _Erythrina_. They say it grows somewhere to the southwest, toward or in Mexico. They call it ‘red medicine,’ makaⁿ zhide (makaⁿ, medicine; zhide, red). When the seeds of Melia (azerdache L.) [chinaberry] were adopted for use as beads, they likened them to makaⁿ zhide, and so call them makaⁿ-zhide sabe, ‘black red-medicine’.” APPENDIX 3: PEYOTE AND TEO-NANACATL