Indians of North America -- Religion; Indians of North America -- Rites and ceremonies; Peyotism
_Clothing and Headdress._ Formerly native dress was prescribed for Plains
peyote meetings, and even now a blanket (in summer a folded sheet)
among male communicants and a shawl among female is common—to symbolize
affiliation with “blanket Indians.” Younger men, otherwise in ordinary
White dress, often wear a “peyote-necktie” made of an old-fashioned
trade blanket, beaded, and with the selvage-stripes as a design; soft
neckerchiefs drawn through rings with “water-bird” and “Morning-Star”
designs are also common. The Arapaho[32] water woman wears a symbolically
painted buckskin dress; men wear special wrist-bands and headdresses of
yellow hammer and woodpecker feathers. Carrizo men wore only a loincloth
in meetings, not even moccasins; the women attendants wore red blankets,
the one to the north with woodpecker feathers and the one to the south
with a red flicker feather.[33] Iowa wear Kiowa-Comanche style leggings,
the thongs of which are knotted with “red medicine” or mescal beans.[34]
A turban or head-scarf has been observed among the Delaware, Shawnee,
Kickapoo, Wichita and Winnebago,[35] but the otter-skin cap of the Kiowa
and Winnebago is optional. At Taos the variant dress of the “peyote boys”
has become a symbol of the strife of the old and the new. The young men
who use peyote cut out the seats of their trousers, thus converting them
into a G-string and leggings and necessitating a blanket, and let their
hair grow in Plains fashion.[36] Among older Osage men the “roached”
style of scalp lock was formerly still in vogue, but the younger men who
have adopted the peyote religion wear their hair long, parted and braided
on each side with ribbons and yarn.[37] Among the Winnebago, on the other
hand, the progressivism of the peyote cult demands that long hair be
cut, and Crashing Thunder discovered that it was a “shame to wear long
hair.”[38]
_Ritual Restrictions._ Salt may not be eaten on the day that peyote is
consumed among the Huichol, Tarahumari, Arapaho, Comanche, Kickapoo,
Wichita, etc.; the distributional gaps are more likely gaps in our
information than lack of the taboo, which is probably universal at
least among the early Plains users of peyote.[39] It is also considered
hygienically if not ethically unwise to use peyote in connection with
alcoholic drinks; indeed, many insist that the former cures addiction to
the latter. The Arapaho[40] did not bring sharp instruments into a peyote
meeting, a taboo elsewhere unreported.
_Officials._ The “road chief” is the most important individual in a
meeting. Kroeber writes of the Arapaho leader in a manner which might
apply to any Plains leader:[41]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account