The last magazine published in Philadelphia in the eighteenth century was the _Philadelphia Magazine and Review, or Monthly Repository of Information and Amusement_. It was begun in January, 1799, and printed for Benjamin Davies, 68 High Street. In announcing this work, the editor alluded to the unsuccess that had attended all efforts to establish magazines in Philadelphia, and he believed the cause to be the spurious patriotism that led the editors to reject whatever was not of native production. The magazine was strongly "anti-Gallican" in character. It closed its career with its first volume. I have made no mention in this necessarily incomplete enumeration of the eighteenth century magazines of an early religious publication, _The Royal Spiritual Magazine_, by Joseph Crukshank, 8vo, 1771. A few stray numbers exist, but I have never seen a copy of it. How long it was published I do not know. Christopher Sauer printed, at irregular intervals, in 1764, the _Geistliches Magazien_. There are fifty numbers in the first volume. Sauer cast his own type, and this magazine is therefore printed, as he himself says on page 136 of the second volume, with the first type made in America. THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. THE PORT FOLIO. At the beginning of this century Philadelphia was the most attractive city in America to a young man of brains and ambition. It was the seat of an active social, political and literary life. Poet George Webbe noticed in 1728 the leadership of Philadelphia in all matters pertaining to the higher life of the country, and prophesied: Rome shall lament her ancient fame declined, And Philadelphia be the _Athens_ of mankind. General Lee might petulantly exclaim in 1779, "Philadelphia is not an Athens," and Neal might write in _Blackwood's Magazine_ that the Philadelphians were "mutton-headed Athenians," but the name became a favorite one with which to characterize the thriving Pennsylvania town which exercised such sovereign sway and masterdom over its sister cities. Benjamin West, in a letter to Charles Willson Peale (September 19, 1809), predicts that Philadelphia will in time "become the seat of refinement in all accomplishments ... the _Athens_ of the Western Empire." Harrison Hall and the gentlemen who published and maintained the _Port Folio_ always styled Philadelphia the "_Athens_ of America." As the capital of the government it was the centre of wealth and fashion. Fine old mansions and gardens adorned Chestnut and High Streets; Judge Tilghman in the Carpenter Mansion, Israel Pemberton in Clarke Hall, Thomas Willing, the merchant prince, at Third and Walnut, and his partner, Robert Morris, at Sixth and High Streets, Edward Shippen at Fourth and Walnut, the Norris family in their home upon the site of the U. S. Bank and Custom House, and in their great mansion at Fair Hill, the Hamiltons at Bush Hill and the Woodlands, dispensed lavish hospitality.