[32] The above instructions were intended doubtless for this document. They occupy a separate sheet in the collection of documents, but their position warrants this inference. [33] The first sentence is the official endorsement by the Council; the second, evidently that of the king; and the third, that of the Council's secretary. [34] The collection of documents of which the above forms a part contains a letter from the licentiate Ayala to the king, under date of June 25, 1590. As in so many letters from royal officials, Ayala narrates his devotion to the king's service, and especially in the Philippines, whither he had been ordered suddenly from the Canaries, his previous post. He begs for a position in Mexico, and means to return to that country. The king orders that one-half his salary be given him. [35] At that time, Java was supposed to contain two islands; the western part, inhabited by the people of Sunda, was thought to be separated by a river from the other, forming an entire island. Trapobana is a misprint for Taprobana, the ancient name of Sumatra; and Dacheu, for Achen (Achin). [36] The cahiz is equal to twelve fanégas, or nearly nineteen and one-fifth bushels. [37] Villamanrique was removed from his post in 1589, and in his stead as viceroy of Nueva España was appointed Luis de Velasco, Conde de Santiago, a son of the second viceroy; he reached Mexico on Jan. 25, 1590. "The country made steady progress in every branch of industry during Velasco's rule; political, commercial, and social conditions were improved, and prosperity prevailed." (Bancroft, _Hist. Mexico_, ii, p. 766.) He held the office until 1595, when he was appointed viceroy of Peru. [38] Miguel de Benavides was born about 1550, and came to the Philippines as one of the first Dominican missionaries (1587). Soon after his return from China, he sailed (1591) for Spain, where he acted as procurator of his province. Early in 1598, he returned to the Philippines as bishop of Nueva Segovia; but the archbishop Santibañez dying in that same year (Aug. 14), he was succeeded by Benavides. Under his administration was begun the college of Santo Tomás at Manila. He died there July 26, 1605. [39] Regarding the numbers of Chinese residents at Manila, see Salazar's own statement in his account of the Parián (p. 230 _ante_.) [40] The English pirate Candish, who plundered the "Santa Ana." [41] _Fuerça_: as here used, indicates violence to law, done by ecclesiastical judges; _see_ note 46, in _Vol_. V, p. 292. [42] Reference is here made to the archbishop of Mexico, who had ecclesiastical jurisdiction over the Philippines until the archbishopric was created there. At the time when Salazar's letter was written, the see of Mexico had no incumbent, the diocese being governed by the dean and chapter.