[47] We do not know the origin of this word, which does not seem to be derived from _China_. If we may make a conjecture, we will say that perhaps a poor phonetic transcription has made _chinina_ from the word _tinina_ (from _tina_) which in Tagal signifies _tenido_ ["dyed stuff"], the name of this article of clothing, generally of but one color throughout. The chiefs wore these garments of a red color, which made, according to Colin, "of fine gauze from India."--_Rizal_. [48] Bahag "a richly dyed cloth, generally edged with gold" among the chiefs.--_Rizal_. [49] "They wrapped it in different ways, now in the Moro style, like a turban without the top part, now twisted and turned in the manner of the crown of a hat. Those who esteemed themselves valiant let the ends of the cloth, elaborately embroidered, fall down the back to the buttocks. In the color of the cloth, they showed their chieftaincy, and the device of their undertakings and prowess. No one was allowed to use the red potong until he had killed at least one man. And in order to wear them edged with certain edgings, which were regarded as a crown, they must have killed seven men" (Colin). Even now any Indian is seen to wear the _balindang_ in the manner of the _putong_. _Putong_ signifies in Tagal, "to crown" or "to wrap anything around the head."--_Rizal_. [50] This is the reading of the original (_cera hilada_). It seems more probable that this should read "spun silk," and that Morga's amanuensis misunderstood _seda_ ("silk") as _cera_ ("wax"), or else it is a misprint. [51] "They also have strings of bits of ivory" (Colin).--_Rizal_. [52] "The last complement of the gala dress was, in the manner of our sashes, a richly dyed shawl crossed at the shoulder and fastened under the arm" (even today the men wear the _lambong_ or mourning garment in this manner) "which was very usual with them. The Bisayans, in place of this, wore robes or loose garments, well made and collarless, reaching to the instep, and embroidered in colors. All their costume, in fact, was in the Moorish manner, and was truly elegant and rich; and even today they consider it so" (Colin).--_Rizal_. [53] This manner of headdress, and the long robe of the Visayans, have an analogy with the Japanese coiffure and kimono.--_Rizal_. [54] Baro.--_Rizal_. [55] A tree (_Entada purseta_) which grows in most of the provinces of the Philippines. It contains a sort of filament, from which is extracted a soapy foam, which is much used for washing clothes. This foam is also used to precipitate the gold in the sand of rivers. Rizal says the most common use is that described above. [56] This custon still exists.--_Rizal_. [57] This custom exists also among the married women of Japan, as a sign of their chastity. It is now falling into disuse.--_Rizal_.