[31] This cross is still preserved. It was enclosed in an octagonal temple by the Augustinians in the time of the Augustinian bishop of Cebu, Fray Santos Maranon, in order to preserve it from the weather, and from the natives, who, regarding it as miraculous, were accustomed to take splinters from it as relics. The foundation of the enclosure is of stone, and it has a grated window which permits passers-by to see the cross. The latter is wooden, not stone, as Montero y Vidal states in his _Historia general_, i, p. 17. This is the identical cross erected by Magallanes in 1521.--_Coco_. [32] This statement is an error. Drake's first trip to Spain was made to the Biscayan coast in 1564, and was only for the voyage. See Julian Corbett's _Sir Francis Drake_. (London, 1890). [33] Fray Bernabe Villalobos was born in Leon, and professed in the Augustinian convent of San Felipe el Real. He went to the Philippines in 1590, where he had charge of missions in Halaud (1591), Panay (1593), and Oton (1596). He was twice prior of Manila (1602 and 1613), twice of Cebu (1606 and 1618), and definitor (1616), and later labored in the Tagal missions. His death occurred at Manila in 1646. See Perez's _Catalogo_, p. 41. [34] Compare the materialism of the North American Indians, in Cleveland reissue of _Jesuit Relations_, viii, p. 119; xx, p. 71; 1, p. 289. [35] Fray Juan de Alva was born of an illustrious family in Segovia, and professed in the Augustinian convent at Toledo in 1514. In 1535 he went to Mexico, where he labored for thirty-three years. At the age of seventy-two he went to the Philippines, landing at Cebu in 1569. He labored successfully in Panay, and founded the church of Dumangas. In 1572 he was elected first prior of the convent of Manila and definitor, after which (1575) he began the foundation of Pasig. He became rector provincial of the Philippines in 1576, and died at Manila, September 17, 1577. See Perez's _Catalogo_, p. 8. [36] Fray Alonso Jimenez was a native of Malaga, and took his vows in the Augustinian convent at Mexico in 1558. He accompanied Juan de Alva to the Philippines, where he voted in the first provincial chapter. He was the first missionary to the islands of Masbate, Leyte, Samar, and Burias. Thence he went to Ibalon in the province of Camarines, where he resided several years, and made many excursions into Albay and Sorsogon. He was prior of Cebu in 1575. Endowed with great facility in learning languages, he became known as the first linguist of the islands. His death occurred in August, 1577, at the Cebu convent. He composed a catechism in the Bicol language. See Perez's _Catalogo_, p. 9.