The German traveler Feodor Jagor presents (1873) an interesting view of the character and influence of the friars. He praises their kindly and hospitable treatment of strangers, and the ability and knowledge that they often display; and defends those whom he has known (mainly the Spaniards) from the charge of licentiousness. He discusses the relations between the curas and civil alcaldes--the former being often the protectors of the Indians against the latter. A survey of the field and labors of the Augustinian Recollects is obtained from _Provincia de San Nicolas de Tolentino de Agustinos descalzos_ (Manila, 1879)--presented partly in translation, partly in synopsis. In it are enumerated the missions in charge of that order, with the number of souls in each; frequently occurs an historical account of a mission's foundation and growth, and biographical mention of especially notable missionaries--including those who in early days were martyrs in Calamianes and Mindanao. It ends with tables showing the numbers of tributes, souls, and ministers in the Recollect provinces, at various times. A sketch of the religious condition in the islands in 1896-98 is furnished by Jose Algue and other Jesuit fathers of Manila in their compendious work, _Archipielago filipino_ (Washington, 1900). Statistics showing the growth of the Christianized native population from 1735 to 1898 are compiled from various sources--a remarkable increase, which the editors ascribe mainly to missionary labors. Then the various sees are enumerated, with their bishops, cathedrals, courts, seminaries, and priests; and the various houses, colleges, and other institutions possessed by the respective religious orders in the islands, besides the colleges of each in Spain. Considerable space is devoted to a characterization of the religious spirit that prevails among the Filipinos; and to the conclusion that general freedom of worship in that archipelago "would be a fatal measure to any government that rules the destinies of Filipinas," and might result in a politico-religious war. The American government is therefore warned not to allow such freedom in the islands. The Editors July, 1905. DOCUMENTS OF 1637-1638 Remonstrance of Augustinians against the _alternativa_. Juan Ramirez, O.S.A., and others; September 9, 10, 1637. Corcuera's campaign in Jolo. Juan de Barrios, S.J.; March-April, 1638. Sources: The first of these documents is obtained from a MS. in the Archivo general de Indias, Sevilla; the second, from one in the Academia Real de la Historia, Madrid. Translations: The first document is translated by Emma Helen Blair (except the Latin part, by Rev. T. C. Middleton, O.S.A.); the second, by James A. Robertson. REMONSTRANCE OF AUGUSTINIANS AGAINST THE ALTERNATIVA Sire: