The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898, Volume 42, 1670-1700: Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the Catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century
History
The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898, Volume 42, 1670-1700: Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the Catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century
Demarcation line of Alexander VI; Missions -- Philippines; Philippines -- Discovery and exploration; Philippines -- History -- Sources
The government of Don Juan de Vargas Hurtado proceeded with prosperous
results, on account of the favorable seasons and the great abundance
of the crops which were experienced in the years 1679 and 1680; and
through the success and extent of the commerce which was maintained
with China and the Coromandel coast, Surrate, and other ports of
Oriental India and the kingdoms of the Great Mogor--which formerly
were more than fifteen in number, and furnished much income to the
royal treasury with the customs duties [derecho de a nojarifazgo]. Not
only from the Coromandel coast--on which the Manila trade had founded
populous settlements, as Portonovo and Cololu--but from the city of
Goa came ships almost every year, commerce little known [to Manila]
before, and very remote. The governor devoted much attention to the
sessions of the Audiencia and the obligations of his office, and
thus the legal business which devolved upon that court was expedited,
through the uprightness and integrity of the auditors, Don Francisco
Mansilla, Don Diego Calderón, and Don Diego de Viga; the last named
filled the office of fiscal acceptably to all.
About this time there came to the general a solemn embassy from the
principal ruler of Borney, whom those people revere as an emperor. This
is the largest island of all Asia, and, according to the best
cosmographers, has as great an area as all España and the kingdom of
Portugal. It is thinly populated, as its surface is very mountainous;
and therefore it is only on the shores of the sea and a few leguas
inland that there are settlements of civilized people, if that name
can be given to those barbarous nations. Borney has much wax, and in
its seas are pearl-fisheries; it abounds in amber, camphor, and gold;
and in its mountains are found large elephants, although smaller than
those of Siám. Its inhabitants are partly Mahometans, partly heathens;
but in color and disposition they resemble the natives of Filipinas,
who say that they had their origin in these islands of Borney [and]
the coast of Malayo. The ambassador was received with more ostentation
than his person seemed to merit. Although he was corpulent and robust,
he and all his retinue (which was not a small one) came barefooted
and half-naked; he wore a broad bahaque, which tired him more than it
covered him, and some wore a loose jacket, short and without a shirt
(which is not known among these peoples); but all were well armed with
lances and crises--which are swords as short as daggers, with which
they are well able to defend themselves or attack, for usually they
have these weapons dipped in poison. He made his entry [into the city]
with great pomp, in the coach and with the halberdiers of the governor,
and accompanied by the sargento-mayor of the garrison, Don José de
Robles; and the governor received him under a canopy, as being he who
represented the royal person. The ambassador's credentials came in the
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