The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898, Volume 43, 1670-1700: Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the Catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century
History
The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898, Volume 43, 1670-1700: Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the Catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century
Demarcation line of Alexander VI; Missions -- Philippines; Philippines -- Discovery and exploration; Philippines -- History -- Sources
In the brief examination that we made of what passes among the
individuals of this race, in the deities whom they adorn, their
sacrifices, and their songs and traditions, we shall see that they have
some ideas of God, of heaven, of eternity, and of the first man. But
they are so material, small, and disfigured, that by transverse light
alone can the greatness of the primitive creeds be divined. Like the
polytheists that they are, they have four gods at the four cardinal
points: at the north, Domalóngdong; at the south, Ongli; at the
east, Tagolámbong; and at the west, Magbabaya. Those gods, with their
wisdom and power rule and govern this great mass of the world which we
inhabit. Who does not see in these four deities a perfect resemblance
to the Vazus, of the worshipers of Brahma? Now then, if those gods,
according to the Buquidnons, govern this great fabric of the world with
so great acumen from the four cardinal points, in the same manner,
according to the Brahmans, Vazu-Pulastia governs the nations of the
north; Vazu-Yama those of the south; those of the east, Vazu-Indra; and
those of the west Vazu-Varuna. And so great is the order and concert of
those regions that therefrom results the harmony of the whole universe,
and, consequently, the so extensive worship which the inhabitants of
India attribute to their Vazus, so that offended by men the order of
this world might not be overturned. The god Magbabaya, that is to say,
"the all-powerful one," has as equals in rank the god Ibabásug, and
Ipamahandi. The former is invoked for the fortunate delivery of women;
the latter takes care of carabaos, horses, and other larger and smaller
cattle, and since a Buquidnon is rarely seen, who does not possess
some of these animals for his ordinary work, hence, they invoke that
divinity with so great frequency and in any disagreeable mischance
that may happen to the said animals. From Tagumbanua, or the god of
the fields, they hope for a good harvest, and dedicate the feast called
caliga to him after the harvesting of the fruits. They invoke the Tao
sa súlup or "men of the woods" (who resemble the Anitos of the Ilocan
heathens) in their wars, diseases, journeys, etc. Those divinities
according to them, are genii, who live within the trunks of the large
trees, or on huge crags. They intervene in the affairs of mortals,
harming them or protecting them, according as they are contrary or
propitious. I noted on a certain occasion that, on passing before a
leafy tree called balite, the mountaineer who accompanied me lowered
his voice and was very much frightened. I asked him the reason for
it, and after many urgings he considered it advisable to give me the
explanation of his fright in these words: "The Buquidnons affirm that
the balite is the habitation of Magtitima, or an invisible being of
the woods, who, if he does not receive a sacrifice of white fowls,
grows angry at mortals and does not allow them to cut the wood, and
sends them sickness.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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