[135] In regard to the musical ability of the Filipinos, see the slightly adverse comments of Archbishop Nozaleda, in Senate Document, no. 190, 56th Congress, 2d session, 1900-1901, pp. 98-100. [136] A dance allied to the quadrille, but with different and more graceful figures. [137] See notes from Barrantes, in VOL. XLVI; and the decree of December 20, 1863. [138] The Sociedad Económica de Amigos del Pais was founded in 1813 for the purpose of encouraging interest in the arts, sciences, commerce, and industries. Alexander A. Webb, former American consul at Manila, says of it. "It is claimed on its behalf that it has accomplished a vast amount of good, but there is not that degree of energy and activity manifested in its work to be seen in similar organizations in some other countries." It had a library of about 2,000 volumes on the arts and sciences, natural history, and agriculture. See Report of Commissioner of Education, 1897-98, p. 980. [139] The Filipino artist, Juan Luna y Novicio was a pupil of this academy. He also studied in Madrid, Paris, and Rome, and some of his paintings are conserved in the largest galleries. The total number of pupils enrolled in this academy from 1872 to 1883 was 5,485. See Census of Philippines, iii, p. 615. [140] Archipiélago Filipino, i, p. 349; Census of Philippines, iii, p. 614. [141] Census of Philippines, iii, p. 614. [142] See Report of Philippine Commission, 1900, i, pp. 39, 40. Drawing was introduced into the Philippine schools in 1903 upon a systematic basis. The Filipinos are interested and apt in this work, and show talent in original conception and artistic execution. The work is carried on by a staff of nine Filipino drawing teachers, one American teacher for the secondary and American schools, and a supervisor. The Filipino teacher is as competent as the American in this work. See Report of Philippine Commission, 1904, pt. 3, p. 890. [143] The first band of Jesuits who arrived in the middle of 1859, consisted of six fathers and four brothers, their superior being José Fernandez Cuevas (see Montero y Vidal, iii, p. 272). The royal decree readmitting them was dated March 21, 1852 (Barrantes, Instrucción primaria, p. 103). [144] That charge was approved by a superior decree dated December 15 of the same year (Montero y Vidal, iii, p. 272). Examinations were in charge of the Dominicans (Ed. Report for 1899-1900, ii, p. 1621). [145] The work of the Jesuits in this school is praised highly by Tomás G. del Rosario in the Census of Philippines, iii, p. 596. [146] See Report of Commissioner of Education, 1899-1900, ii, p. 1621. [147] Edmond Plauchut, writing in Revue des Deux Mondes for 1877, xx, p. 910, says: "The history of superior instruction, like that of primary, is only the dry relation of a furious struggle between two religious orders, that of the friars, and that of the Jesuits." [148] The Embriologia sagrada (Manila, 1856), by Gregorio Sanz.