and the Indians will be able to make their complaints directly to the superiors without making use of interpreters, who being bribed change the translation, I have resolved to order and command, as I do by this present, my viceroys, presidents, governors, corregidors, and alcaldes-mayor, who hold office at present or shall hold office in the future, of all the provinces of Nueva España, Guatemala, Filipinas Islands, and Barlovento, and I ask and request the archbishops and bishops of the metropolitan churches and cathedrals of those countries, each one, so far as it concerns him, to watch carefully and strictly over the observance of the laws above cited. They shall cause them to be carried out strictly, without any opposition or interpretation, so that the Indians may study the Castilian language and begin immediately to learn it. I charge all to have especial care in this, and I warn (as I do by this present) the viceroys, presidents, governors, corregidors, and alcaldes-mayor of all the provinces and islands above mentioned, that the non-observance of this shall be charged against them in their residencias. [95] I also order and command generally all the ecclesiastical and secular ministers mentioned in this despatch, to report to me on all occasions when a fleet sails, and on all other occasions that offer, that they have placed in practice what is expressed and mentioned by the above-mentioned laws, and of what they shall continue to do in their observance and punctual performance, and the result thereof; for it is so important for the end which is proposed and so to the service of God and myself, to be informed of the results which I hope will follow from the observance and fulfilment of the abovesaid laws. Given in Madrid, June 20, 1686. I the King By order of the king our sovereign: Antonio Ortiz de Otalora COLLEGE-SEMINARY OF SAN FELIPE I † Decree of King Felipe V to the royal Audiencia of Manila, in regard to a seminary which the king ordered to be founded in that city.