The _Austin Friars_ were the religious pioneers in these Islands; they came to Cebu in 1565 and to Manila in 1571; then followed the _Franciscans_ in 1577; the _Dominicans_ in 1587, a member of this Order having been ordained first Bishop of Manila, where he arrived in 1581. The _Recoletos_ (unshod Augustinians), a branch of the Saint Augustine Order, came to the Islands in 1606; the _Capuchins_--the lowest type of European monk in the Far East, came to Manila in 1886, and were sent to the Caroline Islands (_vide_ p. 45). The _Paulists_, of the Order of Saint Vincent de Paul, were employed in scholastic work in Nueva Caceres, Jaro, and Cebu, the same as the Jesuits were in Manila. The _Benedictines_ came to the Islands in 1895. Only the members of the first four Orders above named were parish priests, and each (except the _Franciscans_) possessed agricultural land; hence the animosity of the natives was directed against these four confraternities only, and not against the others, who neither monopolized incumbencies, nor held rural property, but were simply teachers, or missionaries, whose worldly interests in no way clashed with those of the people. Therefore, whenever there was a popular outcry against "the friars," it was understood to refer solely to the Austins, the Franciscans, the Dominicans and the Recoletos. [94] There was no Spanish secular clergy in the Islands, except three or four military chaplains. The Church was financially supported by the State to the extent of about three-quarters of a million pesos per annum. The following are some of the most interesting items taken from "The Budget for 1888," viz.:-- _Sanctorum_ or Church tax of 18 3/4 cents (i.e., 1 1/2 reales) on each _Cedula personal_, say on 2,760,613 Cedulas in 1888, less 4 per cent, cost of collection P496,910.00 The friars appointed to incumbencies received in former times tithes from the Spaniards, and a Church tax from the natives computed by the amount of tribute paid. Tithe payment (_diezmos prediales_) by the Spaniards became almost obsolete, and the _Sanctorum_ tax on _Cedulas_ was paid to the Church through the Treasury (_vide_ p. 55). There were priests in missions and newly-formed parishes where the domiciled inhabitants were so few that the _Sanctorum_ tax on the aggregate of the _Cedulas_ was insufficient for their support. These missionaries were allowed salaries, and parish priests were permitted to appropriate from their revenues, as annual stipend, amounts ranging from 500 to 800 pesos, as a rule, with a few exceptions (such as Binondo parish and others), rated at 1,200 pesos, whilst one, at least (the parish priest, or missionary of Vergara, Davao Province), received 2,200 pesos a year. In practice, however, a great many parish priests spent far more than their allotted stipends.