The Philippines: Past and Present (Volume 2 of 2)Worcester, Dean C. (Dean Conant)
History
The Philippines: Past and Present (Volume 2 of 2)
Worcester, Dean C. (Dean Conant)
Philippines; Philippines -- History -- 1898-1946
"Philippine Constabulary,
"Office of the Senior Inspector,
"Pampanga, San Fernando, September 26, 1912.
"The Superintendent, Information Division, P. C.,
"Manila, P. I.
"(Thru' Adjutant, District of Central Luzón.)
"Sir: Reference to the prosecution of Maria Guzman before the
Justice of the Peace of Apalit for 'Infraction of Law 2098'
(your file No. 8634-75) I have the honour to attach copy of
decision in the case, and remarks:--
"About three (3) years ago Simeon de los Reyes, by and with the
consent of his wife Maria Guzman, borrowed and signed receipt
for fifty pesos (P50) to Maria Santos of Apalit, contracting that
his wife work out the debt moulding earthen jars--that for every
hundred jars made Maria Guzman received P1, 25 centavos of which
was to go on the debt. The woman states she could make about fifty
jars per week, so that her actual wages were 50 centavos per week,
or $.005 per jar. This without board, as the woman states that
any money she got for food was charged on original debt.
"By the first part of this year the debt had 'decreased' to P70,
when another receipt for that amount was signed by the husband,
de los Reyes, and the old receipt for P50 destroyed. In the month
of August ultimo the Santos woman refused to advance Maria Guzman
more money, so Maria Guzman left and joined her husband, who was
working in Manila. The debt at time of trial amounted to P79 and
a fraction.
"Warrants of this nature are being continually sent from Pampanga,
either by messenger or mail, direct to the Superintendent
Information Division, without passing through my hands. The reason
is evident.
"It is respectfully requested that in the future all warrants
reaching your office in this way be referred back to me before
execution.
"Very respectfully,
(Signed) "L. T. Rohrer,
"Senior Inspector."
This woman, if she succeeded in making fifty earthen jars per week,
received wages amounting to twenty-five cents against which her
creditor charged her food and doubtless also her clothing. In other
words, she was in effect charged for the privilege of making fifty
jars per week for her master. The interest on her debt was meanwhile
piling up while the principal steadily increased, and when she grew
weary of her hopeless task and ran away, her taskmaster prosecuted her.
The following letter presents a typical case of peonage:
"Rosales,
"March 26, 1912.
"Chief of the Secret Service Dept., Manila:
"Dear Sir: On behalf of Garegorio Almario a young girl residing
at my house I write to ask you if you cannot have this matter
attended to.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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