The philosophical and mathematical commentaries of Proclus on the first book of Euclid's elements (Vol. 1 of 2) : $b To which are added, A history of the restoration of Platonic theology, by the latter Platonists: And a translation from the Greek of Proclus's Theological elementsProclus
Philosophy
The philosophical and mathematical commentaries of Proclus on the first book of Euclid's elements (Vol. 1 of 2) : $b To which are added, A history of the restoration of Platonic theology, by the latter Platonists: And a translation from the Greek of Proclus's Theological elements
Proclus
Euclid. Elements; Platonists
indeed, energizing according to the circular line, and being effective
of intellectual essences; but the other according to the right line,
and affording an origin to sensible natures. But because the soul is
allotted a middle situation between intellectuals and sensibles, so
far, indeed, as she adheres to an intellectual nature, she energizes
according to the circle; but so far as she presides over sensibles, she
provides for their welfare according to the right line: and thus much
concerning the similitude of these forms to the universality of things.
But Euclid, indeed, has properly delivered the present definition of
a line; by which he shews that a right line alone occupies a space
equal to that which is situated between its points: for as much as is
the distance of one point from another, so great is the magnitude of
the lines terminated by the points. And this is the meaning of being
equally situated between its extremes. For if you take two points in a
circumference, or in any other certain line, the space of line which
is included between these, exceeds their distance from each other;
and every line, besides a right one, appears to suffer this property.
Hence, according to a common conception, the vulgar also say, that he
who walks by a right line, performs only a necessary journey: but that
they necessarily wander much, who do not proceed in a right line. But
Plato thus defines it; a right line is that whose middle parts darken
its extremes. For this passion necessarily attends things which have
a direct position; but it is not necessary that things situated in the
circumference of a circle, or in another interval, should be endued
with this property. Hence, the astrologers also say, that the sun then
suffers an eclipse when that luminary, the moon, and our eye are in one
right line; for it is then darkened through the middle position of the
moon between us and its orb. And perhaps, the passion of a right line
will evince, that in the things which are, according to processions
emanating from causes, the mediums are endued with a power of dividing
the distance of the extremes, and their mutual communication with each
other. As also, according to regressions, such things as are distant
from the extremes, are converted by mediums to their primary causes.
But Archimedes defines a right line the least of things having the
same bounds. For since, according to Euclid, a right line is equally
situated between its points, it is on this account, the least of things
having the same bounds: for if a less line could be given, it would
not lie equally between its extremes: but all the other definitions of
a right line, fall into the same conclusions; as for instance, that
it is constituted in its extremities, and that one part of it is not
in its subject plane, but another, in one more sublime: and that all
its parts similarly agree to all: and that its extremes abiding, it
also abides. Lastly, that it does not perfect figure, with one line
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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