The philosophical and mathematical commentaries of Proclus on the first book of Euclid's elements (Vol. 1 of 2) : $b To which are added, A history of the restoration of Platonic theology, by the latter Platonists: And a translation from the Greek of Proclus's Theological elementsProclus
Philosophy
The philosophical and mathematical commentaries of Proclus on the first book of Euclid's elements (Vol. 1 of 2) : $b To which are added, A history of the restoration of Platonic theology, by the latter Platonists: And a translation from the Greek of Proclus's Theological elements
Proclus
Euclid. Elements; Platonists
Because figure is predicated in various ways, and is divided into
different species, it is requisite, in the first place, to behold
its differences; and afterwards to discourse concerning that figure
which is proposed in this Definition. There is, then a certain figure
which is constituted by mutation, and is produced from passion,
while the recipients of the figure are disturbed, divided, or taken
away; while they receive additions, or are altered, or suffer other
various affections. There is also a figure, which is produced by the
potter’s, or statuary’s art, according to the pre-existent reason,
which art itself contains: art, indeed, producing the form, but matter
receiving from thence, form, and beauty, and elegance. But there are
still more noble and more illustrious figures than these, the skilful
operations of nature. Some, indeed, existing in the elements under
the moon[161], and having a power of comprehending the reasons those
elements contain: but others are situated in the celestial regions,
distinguishing their powers, and endless revolutions. For the heavenly
bodies, both when considered by themselves, and with relation to each
other, exhibit an abundant and admirable variety of figures; and at
different times they present to our view different forms, bringing with
them a splendid image of intellectual species; and, by their elegant
and harmonious revolutions, describing the incorporeal and immaterial
powers of figures. But there are, again, besides all these, most pure
and perfect beauties, the figures of souls, which, because they are
full of life, and self-motive, have an existence prior to things moved
by another; and which, because they subsist immaterially, and without
any dimension, excel the forms which are endued with dimension and
matter. In the nature of which we are instructed by Timæus, who has
explained to us the demiurgic, and essential figure of souls[162].
But again, the figures of intellects are by far more divine than the
figures of souls; for these, on every side, excel partible essences;
are every where resplendent with impartible and intellectual light;
are prolific, effective, and perfective of the universe; are equally
present, and firmly abide in all things; and procure union to the
figures of souls; but recall the mutation of sensible figures to the
limitation of their proper bound. Lastly, there are, separate from
all these, those perfect, uniform, unknown, and ineffable figures of
the gods, which are resident, indeed, in the figures of intellects;
but jointly terminate all figures, and comprehend all things in their
unifying boundaries. The properties of which the theurgic art, also
expressing, surrounds various resemblances of the gods, with various
figures. And some, indeed, it fashions by characters, in an ineffable
manner; for characters of this kind, manifest the unknown powers of the
gods: but others it imitates by forms and images; fashioning some of
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