{_The pendulum _and it has _The time { of the clock now swung_ _and now_ and so elapses_ Time { has already on { swung_ { M times M + n times M + 2n times P swings | | | | {_The water in _it is now _and now_ _the kettle { the kettle at_ and so boils_ { is at_ on { T° T° + t° T° + 2t° 100° Tempera- { | | | | ture {_The volume _it is now_ _and now_ It is { of mercury in | | and so | { the thermo- | | on | { meter is_ | | | { V V + v V + 2v W What we call time here is only a series of simultaneously occurring events. The standard events are the positions of the hands of the clock on the clock face, that is, lengths of arc recording the number of swings of the pendulum that have occurred since the beginning of the operation of the boiling of the kettle. When this began, the hands of the clock were at, say, 4.30, and the temperature of the water was then, say, 17° C.; and, when it ended, the hands of the clock were at 4.35 and the temperature of the water was 100° C. It is only the simultaneities of these events that we have recorded and not the interval of duration that they mark. It does not matter how many times we might have looked at the hands of the clock and the thermometer, we should still have observed only simultaneities. But we had to _wait_ for the kettle to boil, and the temperature 100° was attained _after_ the temperature 90°, and so on. What does this mean? While we were waiting, the water seemed to take an intolerably long time to boil. But the maid was reading one of Mr Charles Garvice’s novels, and “before she knew where she was” the kettle boiled over. There was a certain interval of duration experienced by her, and another, but different, interval of duration experienced by us. In each case there was a stream of consciousness. We felt fatigue, thirst, a lack of satisfaction, wandering attention, and irritation--all that was our duration. But the maid was identifying herself with Lady Mary, who had sprained an ankle and was being helped along by the new, young gamekeeper, and that was her duration. There need not be any succession of events in the conceptual representation of a physical process. There is, for instance, no succession in such a conception as is represented by the following diagram--a conception well worth analysis:-- [Illustration: FIG. 7.]