The Philosophy of Earthquakes, Natural and Religious: or, An Inquiry Into Their Cause, and Their PurposeStukeley, William
Religion
The Philosophy of Earthquakes, Natural and Religious: or, An Inquiry Into Their Cause, and Their Purpose
Stukeley, William
Earthquakes
We never hear, from the many hundreds of thousands of workmen in this
kind, at _Newcastle_, _Nottinghamshire_, _Yorkshire_, _Derbyshire_,
_Staffordshire_, _Somersetshire_, and _Wales_: from the infinite numbers
of workmen in the mines of lead, tin, and the like, of the cavernous
state of the earth, so as to give any colour for this _hypothesis_ of
earthquakes. The earth is generally of solid rock; in which there must be
now, and then, some clefts, and vacuities, small in compass, as naturally
so many heterogeneous _strata_ of the earth consolidate together. But
there can be no imagination of vapours breaking through, uniting,
traversing so suddenly, a large space of earth, so as to produce those
earthquakes, we have seen, and felt; much less such as we read of. The
workmen in all sorts of mines confess by their hard labor, that the earth
is not cavernous; nor are there mines of sulphur, nitre, and the like
inflammable materials in _England_. Or if there were, could they burn,
and cause convulsions of the earth, without proper cavities, pipes, and
conveyances of air; as vulcano's, and coal-pits, when set on fire. But
even from these coal-pits, when fired, do we ever find any thing like
an earthquake produced. Nor do we find earthquakes frequent in those
countries, that abound with coal-mines, as certainly would be the case,
if that _hypothesis_ was just. How easy would it be, on the slightest
occasion for earthquakes to happen in the countries abounding with
coal-mines, which are so full of artificial cavities communicating with
one another, for many miles together: The very thing supposed, by those
who hold the old opinion, of vapours traversing the earth for that purpose.
In the coal-pits, some small natural cavities now and then are found;
which when opened, send forth a pestiferous vapor and a fire-damp which
runs for a long time together. And tho' there are many substances that
may generate air, within the bowels of the earth; yet these matters are
infinitely unable to produce an earthquake: Never would have force to open
a passage for themselves thro' the solid rock, of perhaps many hundred
feet in thickness. Nor did we observe in these last earthquakes any fire,
vapour, smoke, or smell, any kind of eruption, in the least; as must
certainly have been, in so great a struggle of the superfice, as affected
a circle of so large a diameter. Were there such, we could scarce hope any
otherwise, than that they would be too sensibly felt; to the destruction
of many thousands, by their pestiferous qualities.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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