The Philosophy of Evolution: Together With a Preliminary Essay on The Metaphysical Basis of ScienceCarpenter, Stephen H. (Stephen Haskins)
Religion
The Philosophy of Evolution: Together With a Preliminary Essay on The Metaphysical Basis of Science
Carpenter, Stephen H. (Stephen Haskins)
Evolution; Science
Matter is the formal expression of thought, or the necessary condition
of such expression, and in this condition is found the link that
connects the subjective and objective manifestations of _being_.
Subjectivity is ideality, as objectivity is materiality. The
consciousness can take cognizance only of what is within itself, and
therefore without every other. Consciousness is therefore wholly
personal. To communicate an idea it must be placed within the
consciousness of another. To reach this result it must cease to be
personal, must pass out of the subjective consciousness into objective
form, so as to be placed in the same relation to the speaker and the
hearer. Thought, out of the consciousness of the thinker, is objective
to him, and to render thought objective is to give it material form.
Thought to be communicated, must pass out of the consciousness of the
thinker into a material representation. The assumption of material form
individualizes the idea. The artist's mind may be filled with splendid
conceptions, but no one but he can look within his consciousness and see
them. Before others can have any knowledge of his thoughts, he must give
them form, or embody them in statues or paintings. The soul of the
musician may be thrilled by the harmonies that his imagination creates,
but no other soul can join him in this ecstasy until he has given form
to his conceptions. So the thinker must embody his thoughts in language
before he can communicate them to another. Matter, then, is the vehicle
by which thought is communicated, and, so far as we are concerned, the
necessary condition of such communication, so that the conception of
thought apart from the thinker involves the intervention of material
forms, and it is by the interpretation of these symbolical forms that we
discover the idea.
Now, let us suppose a Supreme Intelligence. The intellectual processes
of such a Being, to be conceived as rational by us, must be identical
with ours, or at least analogous to ours. The possession of infinite
attributes may in fact free him from the control of any law, but it is
impossible for us to conceive an intelligence acting otherwise than in
accordance with law. So that if the Supreme Intelligence is to
communicate with man, it must be in obedience to the laws which control
our mental activities. The Divine thought must, then, like human
conceptions, be communicated by means of physical symbols.
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