The Philosophy of Fine Art, volume 2 (of 4): Hegel's Aesthetik — John Shaqi
The Philosophy of Fine Art, volume 2 (of 4): Hegel's AesthetikHegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich
Philosophy
The Philosophy of Fine Art, volume 2 (of 4): Hegel's Aesthetik
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich
Aesthetics
Owing to this change the image, instead of remaining as it was
previously the unique expression of the Absolute, becomes now merely an
ornament, and we thereby discover a relation which ceases to correspond
with the notion of beauty. In other words image and significance,
instead of being moulded one within the other, confront each other as
opposites, precisely, in fact, as was the case in genuine symbolism,
though then the process remained incomplete. Consequently works of
art which are based on this form are of subordinate rank, and their
content is unable to comprise the Absolute itself, and is necessarily
restricted to circumstances and occurrences of narrower range. For this
reason the forms which are now under discussion are for the most part
merely used occasionally and by way of diversion.
More closely considered we have in this chapter to distinguish between
three principal stages of our process.
A. To the _first_ we appropriate those types of presentation commonly
known as _Fable_, _Parable_, and _Apologue._ In these the severation
of form and significance, which constitutes the characteristic trait
of the entire sphere to which this chapter refers, is not as yet
_expressly_ recognized; that is to say, the _subjective_ aspect of
the comparison is not yet fully _emphasized_; consequently also the
representation of the particular and concrete phenomenon, through which
the universal significance is finally to declare itself, still remains
the _predominant_ factor.
B. In the _second_ stage, on the contrary, the universal _import_
asserts its independent mastery over the elucidating form, which
now appears merely as _attribute_, or, under the guise of an image,
capriciously selected by the mind which makes the contrast. To this
type belong the _Allegory_, _Metaphor_, and _Simile_.
C. In the _third_ stage we meet with the visible and complete
_collapse_ of those related aspects in the symbol which previously had
either been immediately joined in union, despite the fact of their
relative incongruity, or in their independent severation had still
persisted under a relation of affinity[35]. Out of this arises that
form of content which is cognized as independent in its prosaic[36]
universality, to which the art-form has become wholly an external
relation; on the one hand we find it represented by the _didactic_
poem, on the other that very aspect of its external form is accepted
for what it is, and exemplified in so-called _descriptive_ poetry. Here
we find that every association and relation of symbolism has vanished;
we have to look round us for some more comprehensive union of form and
content, and one more truly adequate to the notion of art.
[Footnote 5: So the French expression _des couleurs_, and our English
"the colours."]
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